Environmental impacts and mitigation costs associated with cloth and leather exports from Pakistan

We have drawn two propositions, critical from a developing country viewpoint, from the trade and environment literature and assessed them for cloth and leather production in Pakistan. The first is that trade liberalization will result in export by developing countries of their environmental capital....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environment and development economics 2001-07, Vol.6 (3), p.383-403
Main Authors: Khan, Shahrukh Rafi, Khwaja, Mahmood A., Khan, Abdul Matin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Consumption
Cost control
Developing countries
Development economics
Ecological sustainability
Employment
Environmental effects
Environmental impact
Environmental law
Environmental policy
Environmental pollution
Environmental regulations
Exports
International trade
LDCs
leather
Leather & leather products
Leather industry
Leathers
Pakistan
Policy Options
Pollution
Pollution control costs
Pollution load
Sustainable agriculture
Sustainable development
Textile industry
Textiles
Trade development
Trade liberalization
Value added
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Summary:We have drawn two propositions, critical from a developing country viewpoint, from the trade and environment literature and assessed them for cloth and leather production in Pakistan. The first is that trade liberalization will result in export by developing countries of their environmental capital. The second is that the costs of mitigating these damaging environmental effects in the South are very high. We find that, given the state of implementation of environmental laws in Pakistan, exports induced by trade liberalization can indeed have major negative environmental impacts. However, we do not find support for the proposition that the costs of mitigation are very high. We also find that the social benefits far exceed the costs of mitigation.
ISSN:1355-770X
1469-4395
DOI:10.1017/S1355770X01000213