Quantitation of Hepatic Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis in Fasting Humans With $^{13}$C NMR

The rate of net hepatic glycogenolysis was assessed in humans by serially measuring hepatic glycogen concentration at 3- to 12-hour intervals during a 68-hour fast with $^{13}$C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The net rate of gluconeogenesis was calculated by subtracting the rate of net hep...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 1991-10, Vol.254 (5031), p.573-576
Main Authors: Rothman, Douglas L., Magnusson, Inger, Katz, Lee D., Shulman, Robert G., Shulman, Gerald I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Biopsies
Fasting
Gluconeogenesis
Glycogen
Glycogenolysis
Liver
Liver glycogen
Medical research
Metabolism
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Spectroscopy
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Summary:The rate of net hepatic glycogenolysis was assessed in humans by serially measuring hepatic glycogen concentration at 3- to 12-hour intervals during a 68-hour fast with $^{13}$C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The net rate of gluconeogenesis was calculated by subtracting the rate of net hepatic glycogenolysis from the rate of glucose production in the whole body measured with tritiated glucose. Gluconeogenesis accounted for 64 ± 5% (mean ± standard error of the mean) of total glucose production during the first 22 hours of fasting. In the subsequent 14-hour and 18-hour periods of the fast, gluconeogenesis accounted for 82 ± 5% and 96 ± 1% of total glucose production, respectively. These data show that gluconeogenesis accounts for a substantial fraction of total glucose production even during the first 22 hours of a fast in humans.
ISSN:0036-8075
1095-9203