Trampoline Effect in Extreme Ground Motion

In earthquake hazard assessment studies, the focus is usually on horizontal ground motion. However, records from the 14 June 2008 Iwate-Miyagi earthquake in Japan, a crustal event with a moment magnitude of 6.9, revealed an unprecedented vertical surface acceleration of nearly four times gravity, mo...

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Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2008-10, Vol.322 (5902), p.727-730
Main Authors: Aoi, Shin, Kunugi, Takashi, Fujiwara, Hiroyuki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amplitude
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Earthquakes
Earthquakes, seismology
Elasticity
Exact sciences and technology
Geophysics
Internal geophysics
Kinetics
Mass
Ratios
Risk assessment
Seismographs
Seismology
Sensors
Trampolines
Waveforms
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a549t-dfa2a907bb2bfa362b34a743674c0c38062ad02d6c8e1a1f5533e4c9ceafba7a3
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description In earthquake hazard assessment studies, the focus is usually on horizontal ground motion. However, records from the 14 June 2008 Iwate-Miyagi earthquake in Japan, a crustal event with a moment magnitude of 6.9, revealed an unprecedented vertical surface acceleration of nearly four times gravity, more than twice its horizontal counterpart. The vertical acceleration was distinctly asymmetric; the waveform envelope was about 1.6 times as large in the upward direction as in the downward direction, which is not explained by existing models of the soil response. We present a simple model of a mass bouncing on a trampoline to account for this asymmetry and the large vertical amplitude. The finding of a hitherto-unknown mode of strong ground motion may prompt major progress in near-source shaking assessments.
doi_str_mv 10.1126/science.1163113
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source Science Online_科学在线; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Amplitude
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Earthquakes
Earthquakes, seismology
Elasticity
Exact sciences and technology
Geophysics
Internal geophysics
Kinetics
Mass
Ratios
Risk assessment
Seismographs
Seismology
Sensors
Trampolines
Waveforms
title Trampoline Effect in Extreme Ground Motion
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