Widespread Monoallelic Expression on Human Autosomes

Monoallelic expression with random choice between the maternal and paternal alleles defines an unusual class of genes comprising X-inactivated genes and a few autosomal gene families. Using a genome-wide approach, we assessed allele-specific transcription of about 4000 human genes in clonal cell lin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2007-11, Vol.318 (5853), p.1136-1140
Main Authors: Gimelbrant, Alexander, Hutchinson, John N, Thompson, Benjamin R, Chess, Andrew
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alleles
Animals
Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - genetics
B lymphocytes
Biological and medical sciences
Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases - genetics
Cell Line
Cell lines
Cellular biology
Clone Cells
Cloning
Complementary DNA
Death-Associated Protein Kinases
DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
Dosage Compensation, Genetic
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Expression
Gene Expression Regulation
Genes
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genomics
Genotype
Genotypes
Humans
In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
Molecular and cellular biology
Molecular genetics
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Proteins
Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
T lymphocytes
Trans-Activators - genetics
Transcription. Transcription factor. Splicing. Rna processing
X chromosome
X Chromosome inactivation
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Description
Summary:Monoallelic expression with random choice between the maternal and paternal alleles defines an unusual class of genes comprising X-inactivated genes and a few autosomal gene families. Using a genome-wide approach, we assessed allele-specific transcription of about 4000 human genes in clonal cell lines and found that more than 300 were subject to random monoallelic expression. For a majority of monoallelic genes, we also observed some clonal lines displaying biallelic expression. Clonal cell lines reflect an independent choice to express the maternal, the paternal, or both alleles for each of these genes. This can lead to differences in expressed protein sequence and to differences in levels of gene expression. Unexpectedly widespread monoallelic expression suggests a mechanism that generates diversity in individual cells and their clonal descendants.
ISSN:0036-8075
1095-9203
DOI:10.1126/science.1148910