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Molecular Pathogenesis of Euthyroid and Toxic Multinodular Goiter

The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge of the etiology of euthyroid and toxic multinodular goiter (MNG) with respect to the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and molecular pathology. In reconstructing the line of events from early thyroid hyperplasia to MNG we will argue...

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Published in:	Endocrine reviews 2005-06, Vol.26 (4), p.504-524
Main Authors:	Krohn, Knut, Führer, Dagmar, Bayer, Yvonne, Eszlinger, Markus, Brauer, Volker, Neumann, Susanne, Paschke, Ralf
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Animals Biological and medical sciences Biological Transport Chromosome Aberrations Differential diagnosis Endocrinopathies Epidemiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetic Linkage Goiter Goiter, Nodular - genetics Goiter, Nodular - pathology Goiter, Nodular - physiopathology Humans Hyperplasia Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Iodides - metabolism Medical sciences Mutagenesis Mutation Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms Pathogenesis Protein Array Analysis Receptors, Thyrotropin - genetics Signal Transduction Thyroid Thyroid Gland - physiopathology Thyroid. Thyroid axis (diseases) Vertebrates: endocrinology
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description	The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge of the etiology of euthyroid and toxic multinodular goiter (MNG) with respect to the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and molecular pathology. In reconstructing the line of events from early thyroid hyperplasia to MNG we will argue the predominant neoplastic character of nodular structures, the nature of known somatic mutations, and the importance of mutagenesis. Furthermore, we outline direct and indirect consequences of these somatic mutations for thyroid pathophysiology and summarize information concerning a possible genetic background of euthyroid goiter. Finally, we discuss uncertainties and open questions in differential diagnosis and therapy of euthyroid and toxic MNG.
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subjects	Animals Biological and medical sciences Biological Transport Chromosome Aberrations Differential diagnosis Endocrinopathies Epidemiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetic Linkage Goiter Goiter, Nodular - genetics Goiter, Nodular - pathology Goiter, Nodular - physiopathology Humans Hyperplasia Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Iodides - metabolism Medical sciences Mutagenesis Mutation Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms Pathogenesis Protein Array Analysis Receptors, Thyrotropin - genetics Signal Transduction Thyroid Thyroid Gland - physiopathology Thyroid. Thyroid axis (diseases) Vertebrates: endocrinology
title	Molecular Pathogenesis of Euthyroid and Toxic Multinodular Goiter
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