Embryo development, stress protein (Hsp70) responses, and histopathology in zebrafish (Danio rerio) following exposure to nickel chloride, chlorpyrifos, and binary mixtures of them

Two different classes of chemicals were tested in a multilevel approach in this study: NiCl₂ as a representative for heavy metals and chlorpyrifos, a pesticide. Both, the single substances and mixtures of them were investigated for their effects on embryonic development, histological alterations, an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental toxicology 2010-02, Vol.25 (1), p.83-93
Main Authors: Scheil, Volker, Zürn, Alexandra, Köhler, Heinz-R, Triebskorn, Rita
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Applied ecology
Biological and medical sciences
Chlorpyrifos - administration & dosage
Chlorpyrifos - toxicity
Cholinesterase Inhibitors - administration & dosage
Cholinesterase Inhibitors - toxicity
Danio rerio
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Embryo, Nonmammalian - drug effects
Embryonic Development - drug effects
Freshwater
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
heavy metals
histology
Hsp70
mixture toxicity
Nickel - administration & dosage
Nickel - toxicity
pesticides
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
Zebrafish - embryology
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Summary:Two different classes of chemicals were tested in a multilevel approach in this study: NiCl₂ as a representative for heavy metals and chlorpyrifos, a pesticide. Both, the single substances and mixtures of them were investigated for their effects on embryonic development, histological alterations, and the stress protein (Hsp70) response in the zebrafish Danio rerio. Fishes were exposed from fertilization of eggs up to a maximum of 168 h post fertilization, depending on the investigated endpoint. NiCl₂ led to effects in all tests which, however, were less severe at the histopathological level than in developmental (hatching success) and stress protein studies. Chlorpyrifos did not lead to developmental alterations but it was found to induce the Hsp70 response as well as histopathological damages. Mixtures of both substances resulted in similar results as the single substances; the results suggest an independent mode of action of these two substances and additivity of their effects.
ISSN:1520-4081
1522-7278
DOI:10.1002/tox.20477