Removal of free fatty acid in Azadirachta indica (Neem) seed oil using phosphoric acid modified mordenite for biodiesel production

In this study free fatty acids present in Azadirachta indica (Neem) oil were esterified with our synthesized phosphoric acid modified catalyst. During the esterification, the acid value was reduced from 24.4 to 1.8mg KOH/g oil. Synthesized catalyst was characterized by NH3 TPD, XRD, SEM, FTIR and TG...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioresource technology 2010-08, Vol.101 (15), p.5897-5902
Main Authors: SathyaSelvabala, Vasanthakumar, Varathachary, Thiruvengadaravi Kadathur, Selvaraj, Dinesh Kirupha, Ponnusamy, Vijayalakshmi, Subramanian, Sivanesan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum Silicates - chemistry
Azadirachta indica
Biofuel production
Biofuels
Biological and medical sciences
Biotechnology
Energy
Esterification
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - chemistry
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - isolation & purification
Free fatty acid
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Glycerides - chemistry
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
Kinetics
Mordenite
Neem oil
Phosphoric Acids - chemistry
Seeds - chemistry
Terpenes - chemistry
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Summary:In this study free fatty acids present in Azadirachta indica (Neem) oil were esterified with our synthesized phosphoric acid modified catalyst. During the esterification, the acid value was reduced from 24.4 to 1.8mg KOH/g oil. Synthesized catalyst was characterized by NH3 TPD, XRD, SEM, FTIR and TGA analysis. During phosphoric acid modification hydrophobic character and weak acid sites of the mordenite were increased, which lead to better esterification when compared to H-mordenite. A kinetic study demonstrates that the esterification reaction followed pseudo-first order kinetics. Thermodynamic studies were also done based on the Arrhenius model.
ISSN:0960-8524
1873-2976
DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.092