Elevated sedimentation on coral reefs adjacent to a beach nourishment project

• Published in: Marine pollution bulletin 2010-02, Vol.60 (2), p.261-271
• Main Authors: Jordan, L.K.B., Banks, K.W., Fisher, L.E., Walker, B.K., Gilliam, D.S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal and plant ecology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Animals; Anthozoa; Applied ecology; Bathing Beaches; Biological and medical sciences; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution; Environmental Restoration and Remediation - adverse effects; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Geologic Sediments - analysis; Marine; Marine and brackish environment; Scleractinia; Sea water ecosystems; Synecology; Time Factors
• ISSN: 0025-326X; 1879-3363
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.032

An increasingly common method to restore eroding beaches is nourishment, a process by which lost sand is replaced with terrestrial or offshore sediments to widen beaches. The southeastern Florida coastline contains shore-parallel coral reef communities adjacent to eroding beaches. Scleractinian corals and other reef-associated organisms are known to demonstrate sensitivity to elevated sedimentation levels. Sediment traps were used to examine spatio-temporal sedimentation patterns and assess the effects of nourishment (dredge and fill) activities. Several environmental variables correlated with among-site spatial variability of sediment parameters. Intra-annual variability correlated with wind velocity and direction. Nourishment activities showed localized effects, with sites in close proximity to dredging areas exhibiting significantly higher collection rates and lower percent fines than control sites. A regional increase in sedimentation occurred while nourishment activities were ongoing. Due to concurrent impacts of hurricanes, only one during-construction sampling interval revealed substantially higher collection rates relative to corresponding pre-construction sampling intervals.