Thermodynamics and nucleation of bubbles in normal and superfluid liquid helium-4 at negative pressures

We report on a theoretical investigation of liquid helium-4 at negative pressures. For normal liquid helium we estimate the thermodynamic functions for negative pressure via extrapolation of measurements made for positive pressures. We determine the free energy as a function of density and temperatu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of low temperature physics 1997-05, Vol.107 (3-4), p.263-282
Main Authors: HALL, S. C, MARIS, H. J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Boson degeneracy and superfluidity of 4he
Bubble formation
Bubbles (in fluids)
Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties
Density of liquids
Exact sciences and technology
Free energy
Mathematical models
Nucleation
Physics
Pressure effects
Quantum effects on the structure and dynamics of nondegenerate fluids (e.g., normal phase liquid 4he)
Quantum fluids and solids
liquid and solid helium
Thermal effects
Thermodynamic properties
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Summary:We report on a theoretical investigation of liquid helium-4 at negative pressures. For normal liquid helium we estimate the thermodynamic functions for negative pressure via extrapolation of measurements made for positive pressures. We determine the free energy as a function of density and temperature and find the location of the liquid-vapor spinodal. The results of these calculations are used to construct a temperature-dependent density-functional scheme to describe the inhomogeneous liquid. This density functional is then applied to calculate the rate at which bubbles nucleate in the liquid at negative pressures. We include a discussion of the properties of the superfluid phase based on the use of Landau's quasi-particle model.
ISSN:0022-2291
1573-7357
DOI:10.1007/BF02397457