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Variation in total biological productivity and soil microbial biomass in rainfed agroecosystems: Impact of application of herbicide and soil amendments

Total biological productivity and soil microbial biomass are important characteristics to describe sustainable agroecosystems. We investigated the impact of herbicide, alone or in combination with soil amendments, on crop and weed productivity and microbial biomass in a rice ( Oryza sativa)–barley (...

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Published in:Agriculture, ecosystems & environment ecosystems & environment, 2010-05, Vol.137 (3), p.241-250
Main Authors: Singh, Pratibha, Ghoshal, Nandita
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description Total biological productivity and soil microbial biomass are important characteristics to describe sustainable agroecosystems. We investigated the impact of herbicide, alone or in combination with soil amendments, on crop and weed productivity and microbial biomass in a rice ( Oryza sativa)–barley ( Hordeum vulgare)–summer fallow rotation in a tropical rainfed agroecosystem. Total net productivity (TNP) of crops was greater with herbicide (Butachlor) + chemical fertilizer (NPK), herbicide + farmyard animal manure, and herbicide + green manure ( Sesbania aculeata) than with herbicide + crop residue ( Triticum aestivum straw), herbicide only, and the control without amendment. Weed TNP was highest in the control, lowest in herbicide only, and intermediate in combined herbicide and amendment treatments except herbicide + crop residue. The sum of crop TNP and weed TNP was highest in herbicide + green manure and lowest in herbicide only. Microbial biomass C and N were greater with herbicide and amendment treatments than with herbicide only. Microbial biomass showed distinct temporal variation. Yearly plant input to soil had strong correlation with microbial biomass in the control and herbicide only treatments. In these agroecosystems, combining organic soil amendments with herbicide application could help sustain soil fertility and maintain higher total biological productivity.
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Plant and forest protection</subject><subject>primary productivity</subject><subject>Productivity</subject><subject>Rainfed agroecosystems</subject><subject>rainfed farming</subject><subject>rice</subject><subject>Sesbania aculeata</subject><subject>Sesbania bispinosa</subject><subject>Soil (material)</subject><subject>Soil amendments</subject><subject>soil biological properties</subject><subject>Soil microbial biomass</subject><subject>soil microorganisms</subject><subject>soil organic carbon</subject><subject>Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. 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identifier ISSN: 0167-8809
ispartof Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 2010-05, Vol.137 (3), p.241-250
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subjects agroecosystems
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
animal manures
barley
Biological
Biological and medical sciences
Biomass
butachlor
crop residues
Crops
dry matter accumulation
fallow
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General agroecology
General agroecology. Agricultural and farming systems. Agricultural development. Rural area planning. Landscaping
General agronomy. Plant production
Generalities. Agricultural and farming systems. Agricultural development
grain crops
green manures
Herbicide
Herbicides
Hordeum
Hordeum vulgare
Microorganisms
nitrogen
NPK fertilizers
Oryza
Oryza sativa
Other nutrients. Amendments. Solid and liquid wastes. Sludges and slurries
Parasitic plants. Weeds
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
primary productivity
Productivity
Rainfed agroecosystems
rainfed farming
rice
Sesbania aculeata
Sesbania bispinosa
Soil (material)
Soil amendments
soil biological properties
Soil microbial biomass
soil microorganisms
soil organic carbon
Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments
sustainable agriculture
temporal variation
Total biological productivity
Triticum aestivum
tropics
Weed
Weeds
title Variation in total biological productivity and soil microbial biomass in rainfed agroecosystems: Impact of application of herbicide and soil amendments
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