Assessment of endothelial function and blood metabolite status following acute ingestion of a fructose-containing beverage

• Published in: Acta Physiologica 2010-09, Vol.200 (1), p.35-43
• Main Authors: Bidwell, A.J, Holmstrup, M.E, Doyle, R.P, Fairchild, T.J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Adult; Beverages; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers - blood; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage; Dietary Carbohydrates - adverse effects; Dietary Carbohydrates - blood; endothelial function; Endothelium, Vascular - drug effects; Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Forearm - blood supply; fructose; Fructose - administration & dosage; Fructose - adverse effects; Fructose - blood; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glucose - administration & dosage; Glucose - adverse effects; Glucose - metabolism; Humans; Insulin - blood; Lactic Acid - blood; Male; Medical sciences; Metabolic diseases; Miscellaneous; nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide - blood; Other metabolic disorders; reactive hyperaemia; Regional Blood Flow; Time Factors; uric acid; Uric Acid - blood; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1748-1708; 1748-1716
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02106.x

Fructose intake has increased concurrent with sugar intake and this increase has been implicated in contributing to the development of metabolic syndrome risk factors. Recent evidence suggests a role for uric acid (UA) as a potential mediator via suppression of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. The aim of this study was to explore this hypothesis by measuring changes in UA concentration and systemic NO bioavailability as well as endothelial function in response to acute ingestion of a glucose-fructose beverage. Ten young (26.80 ± 4.80 years), non-obese (body mass index: 25.1 ± 2.55 kg m⁻²; percent body fat: 13.5 ± 6.9%) male subjects ingested either a glucose (100 g dextrose in 300 mL) or isocaloric glucose-fructose (glucose : fructose; 45 : 55 g in 300 mL) beverage. Blood was sampled pre- and every 15-min post-ingestion per 90 min and assayed for glucose, lactate, fructose, total nitrate/nitrate, UA and blood lipids. Forearm blood flow and pulse-wave velocity were recorded prior to and at 30 and 45 min time intervals post-ingestion, respectively, while heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded every 15 min. The glucose-fructose ingestion was associated with a significant (P < 0.05) increase in plasma lactate concentration and altered free fatty acid levels when compared with glucose-only ingestion. However, UA was not significantly different (P = 0.08) between conditions (AUC: -1018 ± 1675 vs. 2171 ± 1270 μmol L⁻¹ per 90 min for glucose and glucose-fructose conditions respectively). Consequently, no significant (P < 0.05) difference in endothelial function or systemic NO bioavailability was observed. Acute consumption of a fructose-containing beverage was not associated with significantly altered UA concentration, endothelial function or systemic NO bioavailability.