Gastrointestinal Carcinoids: An Increasing Incidence of Rectal Distribution

• Published in: The American surgeon 2010-07, Vol.76 (7), p.759-763
• Main Authors: AVENEL, Paul, MCKENDRICK, Alasdair, SILAPASWAN, Sumet, KOLACHALAM, Ramachandra, KESTENBERG, William, FERGUSON, Lorenzo, JACOBS, Michael J, GORIEL, Yousif, MITTAL, Vijay
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biological and medical sciences; Cancer; Carcinoid Tumor - diagnosis; Carcinoid Tumor - epidemiology; Carcinoid Tumor - surgery; Chi-Square Distribution; Colon; Colonoscopy; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Epidemiology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms - diagnosis; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms - epidemiology; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms - surgery; General aspects; Humans; Incidence; Interviews as Topic; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Mortality; Postoperative period; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Rectal Neoplasms - diagnosis; Rectal Neoplasms - epidemiology; Rectal Neoplasms - surgery; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Survival Rate; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tumors
• ISSN: 0003-1348; 1555-9823
• DOI: 10.1177/000313481007600736

Carcinoid tumors are slow-growing and usually become symptomatic late in the course of the disease. We evaluated our 10-year experience in the management of GI carcinoid tumors. The records of 133 patients with GI carcinoids were reviewed. The rectum was the most common site for carcinoid tumors with an incidence of 30 per cent followed by jejunoileal at 29.3 per cent. Other sites of carcinoid tumors were the appendix (8.3%), colon (8.3%), and duodenum (3.8%). Endoscopy was the most helpful modality in diagnosing GI carcinoids. CT was not helpful in preoperative diagnosis of carcinoid tumor. Fifteen patients died in follow-up with eight deaths related to carcinoid tumors, in the small bowel (6), rectum (1), and colon (1). Overall survival was 68.7 per cent and mortality rate was 19.5 per cent from carcinoid tumors. Most of the deaths occurred in patients with carcinoid syndrome, synchronous malignancy, and malignant carcinoid tumors. The mean disease-free survival was 51 months (range, 15 to 138 months). Screening colonoscopy, in addition to decreasing colorectal adenocarcinoma mortality, is useful in diagnosing carcinoid tumors at an earlier stage and in decreasing mortality from malignant colorectal carcinoid tumors.