Permeation Pathway of Macromolecules and Nanospheres through Skin

The permeation pathway of macromolecules and nanospheres through skin was evaluated using fluorescent isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran (average MW, 4 kDa) (FD-4) and nanospheres (500 nm in diameter) in hairless rat abdominal skin and porcine ear skin as well as a three-dimensional cultured human skin m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2010/08/01, Vol.33(8), pp.1394-1399
Main Authors: Todo, Hiroaki, Kimura, Eriko, Yasuno, Hirotaka, Tokudome, Yoshihiro, Hashimoto, Fumie, Ikarashi, Yoshiaki, Sugibayashi, Kenji
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Dextrans - pharmacokinetics
Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate - analogs & derivatives
Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate - pharmacokinetics
hair follicle
In Vitro Techniques
Macromolecular Substances - pharmacokinetics
macromolecule
Male
Models, Biological
nanosphere
Nanospheres
Particle Size
Permeability
Rats
Rats, Hairless
Skin - metabolism
Skin Absorption
skin permeation pathway
Swine
transdermal drug delivery
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Summary:The permeation pathway of macromolecules and nanospheres through skin was evaluated using fluorescent isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran (average MW, 4 kDa) (FD-4) and nanospheres (500 nm in diameter) in hairless rat abdominal skin and porcine ear skin as well as a three-dimensional cultured human skin model (cultured skin model). A low molecular hydrophilic compound, sodium fluorescein (FL) (MW, 376 Da), was used for comparison. FL penetrated the stratum corneum and permeated the viable epidermis of hairless rat skin, whereas less permeation of FL was observed through the cultured skin model, suggesting that the primary permeation pathway for the hydrophilic material may be skin appendages through the rat skin. A macromolecular compound, FD-4, was distributed through the hair follicles of the rat skin. In addition, nanospheres were detected in the hair follicles of porcine skin, although no skin permeation was detected. These findings suggest that appendage routes such as hair follicles can be a penetration pathway of macromolecules and nanospheres through skin.
ISSN:0918-6158
1347-5215
DOI:10.1248/bpb.33.1394