The Spinal Frog Takes into Account the Scheme of its Body during the Wiping Reflex

The hindlimb of the spinal frog produces a wiping reflex evoked by electrically or chemically stimulating distal skin of the forelimb. The reflex was released in frogs supported on a flat surface or suspended. It was found to have two stages. During the first, the frog fixed the hindlimb in an inter...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 1980-09, Vol.209 (4462), p.1261-1263
Main Authors: Fukson, Olga I., Berkinblit, Michael B., Feldman, Anatoly G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anura - physiology
Chemical suspensions
Electric Stimulation
Electrical stimulation
Forelimbs
Frogs
Hindlimb suspension
Hip joint
Human back
Joints
Movement
Posture
Proprioception
Reflex - physiology
Reflexes
Space life sciences
Spinal Cord - physiology
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Summary:The hindlimb of the spinal frog produces a wiping reflex evoked by electrically or chemically stimulating distal skin of the forelimb. The reflex was released in frogs supported on a flat surface or suspended. It was found to have two stages. During the first, the frog fixed the hindlimb in an intermediate posture irrespective of forelimb position. In the second, the movement depended on forelimb position, which determined the final posture of the hindlimb. In this final posture, all joints except the hip joint were fully extended; the hip angle was correlated with forelimb position and varied on repeated wipings. When the stimulus was applied to the skin of the back, the pattern of final postures was the same, but the intermediate postures differed. The organization of the wiping reflex is discussed in light of the hypothesis that movement is evoked according to changes in the equilibrium (postural state) of the system.
ISSN:0036-8075
1095-9203
DOI:10.1126/science.7403886