Guidance for Isolation Precautions for Mumps in the United States: A Review of the Scientific Basis for Policy Change

The 2006 mumps resurgence in the United States raised questions about the appropriate isolation period for people with mumps. To determine the scientific basis for isolation recommendations, we conducted a literature review and considered isolation of virus and virus load in saliva and respiratory s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical infectious diseases 2010-06, Vol.50 (12), p.1619-1628
Main Authors: Kutty, Preeta K., Kyaw, Moe H., Dayan, Gustavo H., Brady, Michael T., Bocchini, Joseph A., Reef, Susan E., Bellini, William J., Seward, Jane F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Cross Infection - prevention & control
Cross Infection - transmission
Disease Outbreaks - prevention & control
Disease transmission
Endocrine system
Health care policy
Health Planning Guidelines
Health Policy
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infections
Infectious diseases
Medical research
Medical sciences
Mumps
Mumps - prevention & control
Mumps - transmission
Mumps virus
Mumps virus - isolation & purification
Notifiable diseases
Parotitis
Patient Isolation - standards
Policy Making
REVIEW ARTICLE
Saliva
Saliva - virology
Specimens
Sputum - virology
United States
Vaccination
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the respiratory system and ent viral diseases
Viral Load
Viruses
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Summary:The 2006 mumps resurgence in the United States raised questions about the appropriate isolation period for people with mumps. To determine the scientific basis for isolation recommendations, we conducted a literature review and considered isolation of virus and virus load in saliva and respiratory secretions as factors that were related to mumps transmission risk. Although mumps virus has been isolated from 7 days before through 8 days after parotitis onset, the highest percentage of positive isolations and the highest virus loads occur closest to parotitis onset and decrease rapidly thereafter. Most transmission likely occurs before and within 5 days of parotitis onset. Transmission can occur during the prodromal phase and with subclinical infections. Updated guidance, released in 2007–2008, changed the mumps isolation period from 9 to 5 days. It is now recommended that mumps patients be isolated and standard and droplet precautions be followed for 5 days after parotitis onset.
ISSN:1058-4838
1537-6591
DOI:10.1086/652770