Birth-related factors and doctor-diagnosed wheezing and allergic sensitization in early childhood

• Published in: Allergy (Copenhagen) 2010-09, Vol.65 (9), p.1116-1125
• Main Authors: Keski-Nisula, L, Karvonen, A, Pfefferle, P.I, Renz, H, Büchele, G, Pekkanen, J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Allergens - adverse effects; Allergens - immunology; allergic sensitization; Allergies; asthma; Biological and medical sciences; Cesarean Section; Childbirth & labor; children; Children & youth; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma; Cohort Studies; delivery; Delivery, Obstetric - methods; Dermatology; Female; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture - epidemiology; Finland - epidemiology; Food Hypersensitivity - diagnosis; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Immediate - diagnosis; Hypersensitivity, Immediate - epidemiology; Hypersensitivity, Immediate - immunology; Immunoglobulin E; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Medical sciences; Pneumology; Pregnancy; Respiratory Sounds - diagnosis; Risk Factors; Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis; Surveys and Questionnaires; wheezing
• ISSN: 0105-4538; 1398-9995
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02322.x

To cite this article: Keski-Nisula L, Karvonen A, Pfefferle PI, Renz H, Büchele G, Pekkanen J. Birth-related factors and doctor-diagnosed wheezing and allergic sensitization in early childhood. Allergy 2010; 65: 1116-1125. To investigate the associations between clinical obstetric factors during birth and doctor-diagnosed wheezing and allergic sensitization during early childhood. We followed 410 Finnish women from late pregnancy until 18 months age of their children. All children were delivered at term. Doctor-diagnosed wheezing among children was established by questionnaires, while specific immunoglobulin E antibodies to inhalant and food allergens were measured in 388 children at 1 year of age. Data on maternal obstetric variables were recorded at the time of delivery. Children of mothers with longer duration of ruptured fetal membranes before birth had significantly higher risk of doctor-diagnosed wheezing during early childhood compared to those children with shorter period of ruptured fetal membranes (III vs I quartile; aOR 6.65, 95% CI 1.99-22.18; P < 0.002 and IV vs I quartile; aOR 3.88, 95% CI 1.05-14.36, P < 0.043). Children who were born by Cesarean delivery had significantly less allergic sensitization at the age of 1 year compared to those who were born by vaginal route (16.0%vs 32.2%; aOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14-0.80; P < 0.013). Furthermore, allergic sensitization tended to be more common in children with longer duration of labor before birth. No other birth-related obstetric factors, such as induction, the type of fetal membrane rupture during birth or quality of amniotic fluid were associated significantly with the examined outcomes. The longer duration of the ruptured fetal membranes possibly reflected the higher risk of intrapartum infection at birth, and further increased the risk of doctor-diagnosed wheezing among offspring.