DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF ALFENTANIL, FENTANYL, PETHIDINE AND LIGNOCAINE ADMINISTERED INTRATHECALLY ON NOCICEPTIVE RESPONSES EVOKED BY LOW AND HIGH FREQUENCY STIMULATION OF SOMATIC NERVES

We have studied in anaesthetized dogs the effects of alfentanil, fentanyl, pethidine and lignocaine administered intrathecally on nociceptive responses evoked by low and high frequency supramaximal electrical stimulation of the tibial and radial nerves. Doses were selected to abolish both Aδ and C f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of anaesthesia : BJA 1993-01, Vol.70 (1), p.63-69
Main Authors: WANG, C., DRITSOPOULOU, A.KOUTSOUKOU, CHAKRABARTI, M.K., HOLDCROFT, A., WHITWAM, J.G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alfentanil - pharmacology
Anaesthetic techniques: spinal
Anaesthetics
Anaesthetics, local, lignocaine
Analgesics
Analgesics: alfentanil
Analgesics: alfentanil, fentanyl, pethidine
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Pressure
Dogs
Electric Stimulation
fentanyl
Fentanyl - pharmacology
Heart Rate
Injections, Spinal
Kidney - innervation
Lidocaine - pharmacology
lignocaine
local
Medical sciences
Meperidine - pharmacology
Nerves: somatic
Nerves: somatic, stimulation frequency
Neuropharmacology
pethidine
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Radial Nerve - physiology
Reflex - drug effects
Reflexes: somatosympathetic
stimulation frequency
Sympathetic Nervous System - physiology
Tibial Nerve - physiology
Citations: Items that cite this one
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Summary:We have studied in anaesthetized dogs the effects of alfentanil, fentanyl, pethidine and lignocaine administered intrathecally on nociceptive responses evoked by low and high frequency supramaximal electrical stimulation of the tibial and radial nerves. Doses were selected to abolish both Aδ and C fibre somatosympathetic reflexes to single stimuli. Pethidine and lignocaine eliminated reflex pressor and heart rate responses to repeated single stimuli and almost completely abolished responses to train stimulation. The pressor response to single stimuli was abolished by fentanyl and reduced by alfentanil, but these drugs did not reduce significantly this response to train stimulation, suggesting a stimulation rate-dependent effect. Of the opioids, only pethidine had an effect comparable to that of lignocaine. The absence of sympathetic block and antagonism by naloxone imply a lack of significant local anaesthetic effect. We suggest that the greater analgesic efficacy of pethidine is a result of endogenous synergism between a minor local anaesthetic and a major opioid effect. (Br. J. Anaesth. 1993; 70: 63–69)
ISSN:0007-0912
1471-6771
DOI:10.1093/bja/70.1.63