What You Get Out of Memory Depends on the Question You Ask

Following study, participants received 2 tests. The 1st was a recognition test; the 2nd was designed to tap recollection. The objective was to examine performance on Test 1 conditional on Test 2 performance. In Experiment 1, contrary to process dissociation assumptions, exclusion errors better predi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition memory, and cognition, 2003-09, Vol.29 (5), p.797-812
Main Authors: Humphreys, Michael S, Dennis, Simon, Maguire, Angela M, Reynolds, Kelly, Bolland, Scott W, Hughes, John D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Attention
Biological and medical sciences
Experiments
Familiarity
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Human
Humans
Learning. Memory
Memory
Mental Recall
Paired-Associate Learning
Problem Solving
Psychology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Reading
Recognition
Recognition (Learning)
Retention (Psychology)
Semantics
Speech Perception
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Summary:Following study, participants received 2 tests. The 1st was a recognition test; the 2nd was designed to tap recollection. The objective was to examine performance on Test 1 conditional on Test 2 performance. In Experiment 1, contrary to process dissociation assumptions, exclusion errors better predicted subsequent recollection than did inclusion errors. In Experiments 2 and 3, with alternate questions posed on Test 2, words having high estimates of recollection with one question had high estimates of familiarity with the other question. Results supported the following: (a) the 2-test procedure has considerable potential for elucidating the relationship between recollection and familiarity; (b) there is substantial evidence for dependency between such processes when estimates are obtained using the process dissociation and remember-know procedures; and (c) order of information access appears to depend on the question posed to the memory system.
ISSN:0278-7393
1939-1285
DOI:10.1037/0278-7393.29.5.797