Characterization of Two Acidic Polysaccharides Having Immunological Activities from the Root of Panax ginseng

Two acidic polysaccharides, named ginsenan PA and ginsenan PB, were isolated from the root of Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER. They were homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and their molecular masses were estimated to be 1.6×105 and 5.5×104, respectively. They are composed of L-arabinos...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 1993/01/15, Vol.16(1), pp.22-25
Main Authors: TOMODA, Masashi, TAKEDA, Kenji, SHIMIZU, Noriko, GONDA, Ryoko, OHARA, Naoko, TAKADA, Katsutoshi, HIRABAYASHI, Keiko
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acidic arabinogalactan
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Chromatography, Gel
Complement Inactivator Proteins
General pharmacology
ginsenan PA
ginsenan PB
immunological activity
In Vitro Techniques
Lymphocyte Activation - drug effects
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Male
Medical sciences
Mice
Molecular Weight
Oxidation-Reduction
Panax - chemistry
Panax ginseng
Phagocytosis - drug effects
Pharmacognosy. Homeopathy. Health food
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Plant Extracts - chemistry
Plants, Medicinal
polysaccharide structure
Polysaccharides - chemistry
Polysaccharides - isolation & purification
Polysaccharides - pharmacology
Spleen - cytology
Spleen - drug effects
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Summary:Two acidic polysaccharides, named ginsenan PA and ginsenan PB, were isolated from the root of Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER. They were homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and their molecular masses were estimated to be 1.6×105 and 5.5×104, respectively. They are composed of L-arabinose : D-galactose : L-rhamnose : D-galacturonic acid : D-glucuronic acid in the molar ratios of 11 : 22 : 1 : 6 : 1 (ginsenan PA) and 3 : 7 : 2 : 8 : 1 (ginsenan PB), in addition to small amounts of O-acetyl groups. Almost all (ginsenan PA) and part (ginsenan PB) of the hexuronic acid residues exist as methyl esters. Reduction of carboxyl groups, methylation analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance and periodate oxidation studies indicated that their structural features include mainly both α-arabino-β-3, 6-galactan type and rhamnogalacturonan type structural units. Both polysaccharides showed remarkable reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test, pronounced anti-complementary activity and alkaline phosphatase-inducing activity in a dose dependent manner.
ISSN:0918-6158
1347-5215
DOI:10.1248/bpb.16.22