Origin of the third heart sound: Comparison of ventricular wall dynamics in hyperdynamic and hypodynamic types

To investigate the left ventricular wall dynamics conducive to the third heart sound (S3) in both hyper- and hypodynamic filling conditions, eight dogs were studied in which an S3was produced by hypoxemia and in eight others by acute mitral regurgitation. Pulse transit sonomicrometry crystals were u...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American College of Cardiology 1985-02, Vol.5 (2), p.268-272
Main Authors: Ishimitsu, Toshiyuki, Smith, Damon, Berko, Barbara, Craige, Ernest
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute Disease
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiovascular system
Dogs
Echocardiography
Electrophysiology
Heart - physiopathology
Heart Auscultation
Heart Sounds
Hemodynamics
Hypoxia - physiopathology
Investigative techniques of hemodynamics
Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)
Medical sciences
Mitral Valve Insufficiency - physiopathology
Stroke Volume
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Summary:To investigate the left ventricular wall dynamics conducive to the third heart sound (S3) in both hyper- and hypodynamic filling conditions, eight dogs were studied in which an S3was produced by hypoxemia and in eight others by acute mitral regurgitation. Pulse transit sonomicrometry crystals were used to measure external left ventricular dimension dynamics in the two principal axes. A miniature accelerometer was used to detect the epicardial S3vibration. The development of the S3was invariably associated with an increased peak velocity of long-axis external dimensional expansion in early diastole. This enhanced long-axis filling activity was not dependent on increased global chamber or short-axis filling dynamics and sometimes occurred when global filling rate was unchanged. In addition, the short-axis filling rate was sometimes reduced as the S3developed. It is concluded that the common denominator of S3generation in this acute dog model is exaggerated longaxis diastolic expansion activity which is present in both hyper- and hypodynamic left ventricular filling.
ISSN:0735-1097
1558-3597
DOI:10.1016/S0735-1097(85)80046-2