Osteogenic induction of hBMSCs by electrospun scaffolds with dexamethasone release functionality

Abstract Electrospun structures were proposed as scaffolds owing to their morphological and structural similarities with the extracellular matrix found in many native tissues. These fibrous structures were also proposed as drug release systems by exploiting the direct dependence of the release rate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomaterials 2010-08, Vol.31 (22), p.5875-5885
Main Authors: Martins, Albino, Duarte, Ana Rita C, Faria, Susana, Marques, Alexandra P, Reis, Rui L, Neves, Nuno M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Advanced Basic Science
Bone Marrow Cells - cytology
Bone tissue engineering
Cell Survival
Cells, Cultured
Dentistry
Dexamethasone - administration & dosage
Dexamethasone - pharmacology
Drug release
Electrochemical Techniques
Glucocorticoids - administration & dosage
Glucocorticoids - pharmacology
Humans
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology
Molecular biology
Nanofibers - chemistry
Nanofibers - ultrastructure
Osteoblasts - cytology
Osteogenesis
Polycaprolactone
Polyesters - chemistry
Tissue Engineering
Tissue Scaffolds - chemistry
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Summary:Abstract Electrospun structures were proposed as scaffolds owing to their morphological and structural similarities with the extracellular matrix found in many native tissues. These fibrous structures were also proposed as drug release systems by exploiting the direct dependence of the release rate of a drug on the surface area. An osteogenic differentiation factor, dexamethasone (DEX), was incorporated into electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers at different concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20 wt.% polymer), in a single-step process. The DEX incorporated into the polymeric carrier is in amorphous state, as determined by DSC, and does not influence the typical nanofibers morphology. In vitro drug release studies demonstrated that the dexamethasone release was sustained over a period of 15 days. The bioactivity of the released dexamethasone was assessed by cultivating human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) on 15 wt.% DEX-loaded PCL NFMs, under dexamethasone-absent osteogenic differentiation medium formulation. An increased concentration of alkaline phosphatase and deposition of a mineralized matrix was observed. Phenotypic and genotypic expression of osteoblastic-specific markers corroborates the osteogenic activity of the loaded growth/differentiation factor. Overall data suggests that the electrospun biodegradable nanofibers can be used as carriers for the sustained release of growth/differentiation factors relevant for bone tissue engineering strategies.
ISSN:0142-9612
1878-5905
DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.010