Respiratory Peripheral Sensory Irritation and Hypersensitivity Studies With Glutaraldehyde Vapor

Overexposure to glutaraldehyde (GA) vapor (CAS No. 111-30-8) is known to cause peripheral sensory irritant effects in humans. Respiratory sensory irritation was investigated in male ND4 Swiss Webster mice to quantify the effect, and also as a preliminary to a study of the respiratory sensitizing pot...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicology and industrial health 1995-09, Vol.11 (5), p.489-501
Main Authors: Werley, Michael S., Burleigh-Flayer, Heather D., Ballantyne, Bryan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Inhalation
Aerosols
Animals
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Glutaral - administration & dosage
Glutaral - toxicity
Guinea Pigs
Irritants - toxicity
Male
Mice
Nasal Mucosa - drug effects
Respiration - drug effects
Respiratory Hypersensitivity - chemically induced
Respiratory Hypersensitivity - physiopathology
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Summary:Overexposure to glutaraldehyde (GA) vapor (CAS No. 111-30-8) is known to cause peripheral sensory irritant effects in humans. Respiratory sensory irritation was investigated in male ND4 Swiss Webster mice to quantify the effect, and also as a preliminary to a study of the respiratory sensitizing potential of GA. For the irritation study, groups of four mice were exposed to seven different GA vapor concentrations in the range of 1.6 to 36.7 ppm, while respiratory rate (RR) was measured by plethysmography. Concentration-related decreases in RR were measured, with a maximum decrease at 3 to 20 min, which was sustained, indicating an absence of desensitization. The 50% decrease in RR (RD50) was calculated to be 13.9 ppm, which accords with the known sensory irritancy of GA and other aliphatic aldehydes. In a separate study, the respiratory sensitizing potential of GA vapor was studied in male Hartley guinea pigs, who were exposed for one hour per day for five consecutive days to an inducing GA vapor concentration of 13.9 ppm. Subsequent challenge exposures to 4.4 ppm at 14, 21, and 35 days after the final induction exposure did not produce any evidence of respiratory sensitization. The above findings confirm that GA vapor is a moderately potent peripheral sensory irritant, and does not produce respiratory sensitization in the guinea pig at the concentrations tested.
ISSN:0748-2337
1477-0393
DOI:10.1177/074823379501100503