Drainage of molecules from subarachnoid space to spinal nerve roots and peripheral nerve of the rat : a study based on Evans blue-albumin and lanthanum as tracers

• Published in: Acta neuropathologica 1993-11, Vol.86 (6), p.636-644
• Main Author: PETTERSSON, C. Å. V
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Axonal Transport; Biological and medical sciences; Cerebral circulation. Blood-brain barrier. Choroid plexus. Cerebrospinal fluid. Circumventricular organ. Meninges; Evans Blue - metabolism; Extracellular Space - physiology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Ganglia, Spinal - physiology; Ganglia, Spinal - ultrastructure; Lanthanum - metabolism; Lysosomes - metabolism; Lysosomes - ultrastructure; Male; Median Nerve - physiology; Median Nerve - ultrastructure; Microscopy, Electron; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Nerve Roots - physiology; Spinal Nerve Roots - ultrastructure; Subarachnoid Space - physiology; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
• ISSN: 0001-6322; 1432-0533
• DOI: 10.1007/BF00294304

The purpose of the present investigation was to find out if a compound injected into the spinal subarachnoid space, after having entered ventral and dorsal nerve roots, can be traced to the epineurial-perineurial sheaths and the endoneurium of peripheral nerves. This would indicate a centrifugal movement of substances from the cerebrospinal fluid along nerves; one route of drainage of cerebrospinal fluid which in the past has been widely discussed. In vivo studies were made using Evans blue-albumin and lanthanum chloride as tracers. Evans blue-albumin is macromolecular in size and emits a red fluorescence after exposure to ultraviolet light. Lanthanum ions are small and easily visible in the electron microscope. The tracers were injected into the cervical subarachnoid space and 15 min to 24 h later samples from roots, dorsal root ganglia, proximal part of spinal nerves and the median nerves were taken and further processed for detection of tracers. Fluorescence microscopy from samples removed 15 min and 24 h after the injection of Evans blue-albumin showed a red fluorescence of low intensity in the endoneurium of nerve roots, ganglia and proximal spinal nerve. After 24 h also the median nerve elicited some fluorescence. The sheaths around these structures were also fluorescent. Lanthanum was detected between cell layers of the nerve root sheath as well as inside the nerve root parenchyma. In about 50% of the samples from dorsal root ganglia extracellular lanthanum was found in the capsule. The tracer was also found in the epineurium of 50% of the spinal nerves and occasionally in the perineurium.