Phosphorylation of the Ras nucleotide exchange factor Son of sevenless by mitogen activated protein kinase

• Published in: The Journal of biological chemistry 1994-02, Vol.269 (7), p.4717-4720
• Main Authors: CHERNIACK, A. D, KLARLUND, J. K, CZECH, M. P
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: actividad enzimatica; activite enzymatique; Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism; Animals; Base Sequence; binding proteins; Biological and medical sciences; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases - isolation & purification; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases - metabolism; Cell Line; Cell physiology; Diptera; DNA Primers; Drosophila; drosophila melanogaster; Drosophila melanogaster - metabolism; Drosophilidae; enzymic activity; fosforilacion; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; Hemagglutinins, Viral - biosynthesis; Insect Hormones - metabolism; Membrane Proteins - biosynthesis; Membrane Proteins - metabolism; Molecular and cellular biology; Molecular Sequence Data; nucleotide; nucleotides; nucleotidos; Peptide Fragments - analysis; Phosphorylation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; protein kinase; proteina quinasa; proteinas aglutinantes; proteine de liaison; proteine kinase; Proteins - metabolism; ras Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - biosynthesis; Signal transduction; Son of Sevenless Proteins; Substrate Specificity; Transfection
• ISSN: 0021-9258; 1083-351X
• DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)37603-2

Son of sevenless-1 and -2 (Sos-1 and -2) are guanosine nucleotide exchange factors implicated in the activation of Ras by both the insulin and epidermal growth factor signal transduction pathways. Ras appears to function by initiating the activation of cellular protein kinases including mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. Sos proteins contain numerous sequences in their carboxylterminal regions which correspond to consensus sites for MAP kinase phosphorylation. To examine whether these sites are substrates for MAP kinases, the cDNA encoding Drosophila Sos (dSos) was tagged with sequences encoding the major antigenic epitope of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) to create a dSosHA fusion construct. dSosHA was transiently expressed in COS-1 cells and immunoprecipitated with anti-HA antibodies. When immune complexes were incubated with purified MAP kinase and [gamma-32P]ATP, a phosphorylated band of 180 kDa was observed when analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This band was not present in immunoprecipitations from cells transfected with vector alone. No phosphorylation of the 180 kDa band was seen when immunoprecipitates were incubated with [gamma-32P]ATP in the absence of MAP kinase. Two dimensional analysis of tryptic peptides from dSosHA phosphorylated by MAP kinase in vitro revealed two major phosphorylated species that were also found in dSosHA isolated from COS-1 cells labeled with 32P(i). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that a feedback loop exits wherein growth factor-activated MAP kinases phosphorylate and regulate Sos proteins.