Nutritional Factors and Gastric Cancer in Spain

A case-control study on diet and gastric cancer, carried out in selected areas of four regions of Spain (Aragon, Castile, Catalonia, and Galicia) in 1988 and 1989, included 354 cases of histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma and 354 controls matched by age, sex, and area of residence. Cases...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of epidemiology 1994-03, Vol.139 (5), p.466-473
Main Authors: Gonz´lez, Carlos A., Riboli, Elio, Badosa, Josep, Batiste, Eduard, Cardona, Teresa, Pita, Salvador, Sanz, J. Miguel, Torrent, Matias, Agudo, Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenocarcinoma - epidemiology
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biological and medical sciences
Case-Control Studies
Diet
Energy Intake
Female
Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen
Humans
Logistic Models
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
nutrition
Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Nutritive Value
Odds Ratio
Spain - epidemiology
stomach neoplasms
Stomach Neoplasms - epidemiology
Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus
Tumors
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Summary:A case-control study on diet and gastric cancer, carried out in selected areas of four regions of Spain (Aragon, Castile, Catalonia, and Galicia) in 1988 and 1989, included 354 cases of histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma and 354 controls matched by age, sex, and area of residence. Cases and controls were selected from 15 hospitals, representing most of the hospital facilities in the study areas. Usual diet was estimated by means of a dietary history questionnaire administered by interview. An increased risk of gastric cancer was observed for high consumption of exogenous nitrosamines (odds ratio = 2.1 for the highest quartile of consumption versus the lowest; p for linear trend = 0.007), nitrites, fat, and cholesterol. However, in a multivariate regression model, the effect of fat and cholesterol disappeared. An inverse association with the risk for gastric cancer was seen for high intake of fiber, vitamin C, folate, carotene, and nitrates. High consumption of vitamin C seemed to neutralize the increased risk related to simultaneous consumption of nitrosamines. For histologic type, the authors found no meaningful differences in the effect of most of the nutrients between intestinal and diffuse cancers. Their findings are consistent with previously reported results about the protective effect of fruit and vegetables and the increased risk associated with foods that are important sources of nitrites and preformed nitrosamines.
ISSN:0002-9262
1476-6256
DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117029