Effectiveness of hardiness, exercise and social support as resources against illness

The effects of the resistance resources of personality hardiness, exercise, and social support, taken singly and in combination, on concurrent and prospective levels, and probability of illness were studied. In 1980, 85 male business executives identified as high in stressful events were tested for...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of psychosomatic research 1985, Vol.29 (5), p.525-533
Main Authors: Ouellette Kobasa, Suzanne C., Maddi, Salvatore R., Puccetti, Mark C., Zola, Marc A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Disease - psychology
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Life Change Events
Male
Personality
Physical Exertion
Social Alienation
Social Support
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Summary:The effects of the resistance resources of personality hardiness, exercise, and social support, taken singly and in combination, on concurrent and prospective levels, and probability of illness were studied. In 1980, 85 male business executives identified as high in stressful events were tested for the three resistance resources. Predicting their illness scores in 1980 formed the concurrent aspect of the study. For the prospective aspect, illness scores in 1981 were available on 70 of the subjects. With regard to resistance resources, when there are none, one, two or three, the level and probability of both concurrent and prospective illness drop in a regular and marked fashion. These results highlight the importance of multiple resistance resources. Estimates of relative effectiveness indicate that hardiness is the most important of the resistance resources studied.
ISSN:0022-3999
1879-1360
DOI:10.1016/0022-3999(85)90086-8