Use of amphotericin B aerosols for the prevention of pulmonary aspergillosis

Invasive pulmonary Aspergillus infections are increasingly recognized among severely neutropenic and/or immunosuppressed individuals. As the infections are usually acquired through the inhalation of Aspergillus conidia, at present prevention of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis consists mainly of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Infection 1994-03, Vol.22 (2), p.143-148
Main Authors: BEYER, J, SCHWARTZ, S, BARZEN, G, RISSE, G, DULLENKOPF, K, WEYER, C, SIEGERT, W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Amphotericin B - chemistry
Amphotericin B - pharmacology
Amphotericin B - therapeutic use
Animals
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Antifungal agents
Aspergillosis - drug therapy
Aspergillosis - etiology
Biological and medical sciences
Bone Marrow Transplantation - adverse effects
Clinical Trials as Topic
Disease Models, Animal
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Humans
Lung Diseases, Fungal - drug therapy
Lung Diseases, Fungal - etiology
Medical sciences
Neutropenia - etiology
Particle Size
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Prospective Studies
Rats
Tissue Distribution
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Summary:Invasive pulmonary Aspergillus infections are increasingly recognized among severely neutropenic and/or immunosuppressed individuals. As the infections are usually acquired through the inhalation of Aspergillus conidia, at present prevention of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis consists mainly of the reduction of environmental exposure to aspergillus conidia. More recently, prophylaxis with amphotericin B aerosols has been investigated. Inhalations with amphotericin B aerosols significantly delayed mortality in an animal model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and high pulmonary concentrations of amphotericin B could be achieved. In man, pulmonary deposition of amphotericin B could also be demonstrated using commercially available nebulizers. Inhalations were well tolerated with little systemic absorption of the drug. In order to evaluate the efficacy of aerosol amphotericin B administrations for the prevention of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, a prospective randomized trial has been initiated.
ISSN:0300-8126
1439-0973
DOI:10.1007/bf01739026