Dose-response effects of intravenous ranitidine on gastric pH and volume in outpatients

The dose-response effects of intravenous ranitidine given 45 min to 5 h earlier on gastric pH and volume were evaluated in six groups of 25 outpatients, each undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. Patients in Group 1 received no ranitidine and served as controls. Patients in Groups 2-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Anesthesiology (Philadelphia) 1986-08, Vol.65 (2), p.180-185
Main Authors: MANCHIKANTI, L, COLLIVER, J. A, GROW, J. B, DEMEYER, R. G, HADLEY, C. H, ROUSH, J. R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy
Biological and medical sciences
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Emergency and intensive care: injuries, diseases due to physical agents. Diving. Drowning. Disaster medicine
Female
Gastric Acidity Determination
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Injections, Intravenous
Intensive care medicine
Male
Medical sciences
Ranitidine - administration & dosage
Ranitidine - therapeutic use
Time Factors
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Summary:The dose-response effects of intravenous ranitidine given 45 min to 5 h earlier on gastric pH and volume were evaluated in six groups of 25 outpatients, each undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. Patients in Group 1 received no ranitidine and served as controls. Patients in Groups 2-6 received ranitidine intravenously in incremental doses of 0.5 mg X kg-1 body weight from 0.5 mg to 2.5 mg (Group 2, 0.5 mg; Group 3, 1.0 mg; Group 4, 1.5 mg; Group 5, 2.0 mg; and Group 6, 2.5 mg). Ninety-six per cent of patients in the control group (Group 1) had gastric pH less than or equal to 2.5 while 36% of the patients had gastric content volumes greater than or equal to 25 ml with pH less than or equal to 2.5. Ranitidine, in incremental doses of 05.-2.5 mg X kg-1 body weight, caused a significant reduction of gastric acidity and volume. The ED50 of ranitidine producing a gastric pH greater than 2.5 was 0.36 mg X kg-1, and the ED95 was 0.98 mg X kg-1 body weight. The ED95 of ranitidine producing a gastric volume less than 25 ml was 1.96 mg X kg-1. At the dose of 1.5 mg X kg-1 of ranitidine, 100% of the patients had gastric contents with pH greater than 2.5. The proportion of patients with volume less than 25 ml was 68% with ranitidine, 0.5 mg X kg-1, and gradually increased to 100% with 2.5 mg X kg-1 body weight.
ISSN:0003-3022
1528-1175
DOI:10.1097/00000542-198608000-00009