In Vitro Study of Possible Role of Dietary Fiber in Lowering Postprandial Serum Glucose

There have been many reports concerning the role of dietary fiber in lowering postprandial serum glucose, and the main mechanism was regarded as the viscosity of different dietary fibers in hampering diffusion of glucose and postponing absorption and digestion of carbohydrates. In this paper, two ki...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2001-02, Vol.49 (2), p.1026-1029
Main Authors: Ou, Shiyi, Kwok, Kin-chor, Li, Yan, Fu, Liang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
alpha-Amylases - metabolism
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Glucose - drug effects
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance
Dietary Fiber - pharmacology
Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)
Endocrinopathies
General pharmacology
Glucose - chemistry
Humans
Management. Various non-drug treatments. Langerhans islet grafts
Medical sciences
Pharmacognosy. Homeopathy. Health food
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Postprandial Period
Solanum tuberosum
Starch - metabolism
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Summary:There have been many reports concerning the role of dietary fiber in lowering postprandial serum glucose, and the main mechanism was regarded as the viscosity of different dietary fibers in hampering diffusion of glucose and postponing absorption and digestion of carbohydrates. In this paper, two kinds of water-insoluble dietary fibers, water-insoluble dietary fiber of wheat bran and enzyme-resistant starch of maize amylose, and four kinds of water-soluble dietary fibers, water-soluble dietary fiber of wheat bran, carboxymethyl cellulose, guar gum, and xanthan gum, were used to investigate their postprandial serum glucose lowering mechanism in vitro. The results showed that these dietary fibers lowered postprandial serum glucose levels at least by three mechanisms. First, dietary fibers increase the viscosity of small intestine juice and hinder diffusion of glucose; second, they bind glucose and decrease the concentration of available glucose in the small intestine; and, third, they retard α-amylase action through capsuling starch and the enzyme and might directly inhibit the enzyme. All of these decreased the absorption rate of glucose and the concentration of postprandial serum glucose. Keywords: Dietary fibers; serum glucose; lowering mechanisms
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf000574n