Bidirectional Transmission of Infectious Cytomegalovirus between Monocytes and Vascular Endothelial Cells: An In Vitro Model

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infects multiple tissues and organs; however, mechanisms of dissemination remain elusive. Although hematogenous spread has been implicated, in vitro studies have generally indicated that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) do not support the complete viral reproductive cy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 1995-02, Vol.171 (2), p.263-272
Main Authors: Waldman, W. James, Knight, Deborah A., Huang, Emina H., Sedmak, Daniel D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Transport
Biomarkers
Blood
Cell Adhesion
Cells, Cultured
Cultured cells
Cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus - physiology
Cytomegalovirus infections
Endothelial cells
Endothelium, Vascular - cytology
Endothelium, Vascular - virology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Infections
Leukocytes
Major Articles
Microbiology
Models, Biological
Monocytes
Monocytes - virology
Replicative cycle, interference, host-virus relations, pathogenicity, miscellaneous strains
Veins - cytology
Viral Plaque Assay
Virology
Viruses
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Description
Summary:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infects multiple tissues and organs; however, mechanisms of dissemination remain elusive. Although hematogenous spread has been implicated, in vitro studies have generally indicated that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) do not support the complete viral reproductive cycle. Since CMV infects endothelial cells (EC), the hypothesis that PBMC can be productively infected by contact with CMV-infected EC was tested by coculturing PBMC with CMV-infected endothelial monolayers. Dual immunohistochemical staining for mononuclear cell markers and CMV-specific antigens demonstrated infection of up to 30% of monocytes adhering to EC. To determine if infected monocytes could transmit infectious virus, they were separated from EC, replated in culture wells, and then overlaid with fresh EC. The subsequent appearance of CMV-positive cytopathic foci within the overlaid monolayers indicated that these monocytes were capable of transmitting infectious virus. Thus, these results support an interactive role for the endothelium and circulating monocytes in the dissemination of this clinically problematic virus.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/171.2.263