A comparison of the direct cerebral vasodilating potencies of halothane and isoflurane in the New Zealand white rabbit

Halothane is commonly viewed as a more potent cerebral vasodilator than isoflurane. It was speculated that the lesser vasodilation caused by isoflurane might be the result of the greater reduction in cerebral metabolic rate (CMR) that it causes, and that the relative vasodilating potencies of haloth...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Anesthesiology (Philadelphia) 1986-11, Vol.65 (5), p.462-467
Main Authors: DRUMMOND, J. C, TODD, M. M, SCHELLER, M. S, SHAPIRO, H. M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anesthesia
Anesthetics. Neuromuscular blocking agents
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Brain - metabolism
Cerebrovascular Circulation - drug effects
Halothane - administration & dosage
Halothane - pharmacology
Humans
Isoflurane - administration & dosage
Isoflurane - pharmacology
Male
Medical sciences
Morphine
Neuropharmacology
Nitrous Oxide
Oxygen Consumption
Pentobarbital
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Rabbits
Time Factors
Vasodilation - drug effects
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Summary:Halothane is commonly viewed as a more potent cerebral vasodilator than isoflurane. It was speculated that the lesser vasodilation caused by isoflurane might be the result of the greater reduction in cerebral metabolic rate (CMR) that it causes, and that the relative vasodilating potencies of halothane and isoflurane would be similar if the two agents were administered in a situation that precluded volatile-agent-induced depression of CMR. To test this hypothesis, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) were measured in two groups of rabbits before and after the administration of 0.75 MAC halothane or isoflurane. One group received a background anesthetic of morphine and N2O, which resulted in an initial CMRO2 of 3.21 +/- 0.17 (SEM) ml X 100 g-1 X min-1; second group received a background anesthetic of high-dose pentobarbital, which resulted in an initial CMRO2 of 1.76 +/- 0.16 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1. In rabbits receiving a background of morphine sulfate/N2O, halothane resulted in a significantly greater CBF (65 +/- 10 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1) than did isoflurane (40 +/- 5 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1). Both agents caused a reduction in CMRO2, but CMRO2 was significantly less during isoflurane administration. By contrast, with a background of pentobarbital anesthesia, CBF increased by significant and similar amounts with both halothane and isoflurane.
ISSN:0003-3022
1528-1175
DOI:10.1097/00000542-198611000-00002