Bacteroides xylanolyticus sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium from methane producing cattle manure

As part of a study of the biogas production from cattle waste, xylanolytic bacteria were isolated from enrichments of fermenting cattle manure. From 34 isolates, mostly Gram-negative rods, a typical strain was investigated in more detail. It was an anaerobic non-sporeforming, Gram-negative rod, whic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 1986-01, Vol.52 (6), p.543-554
Main Authors: SCHOLTEN-KOERSELMAN, I, HOUWAARD, F, JANSSEN, P, ZEHNDER, A. J. B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bacteriology
Bacteroides - classification
Bacteroides - isolation & purification
Bacteroides - metabolism
Bacteroides - ultrastructure
Biological and medical sciences
Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest
Biotechnology
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Cattle
Cellulase
Culture Media
Fermentation
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Glycoside Hydrolases - metabolism
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Manure
Methane - biosynthesis
Microbiology
Microscopy, Electron
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Mission oriented research
Physiology and metabolism
Polysaccharides - metabolism
Systematics
Temperature
Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase
Xylans - metabolism
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Summary:As part of a study of the biogas production from cattle waste, xylanolytic bacteria were isolated from enrichments of fermenting cattle manure. From 34 isolates, mostly Gram-negative rods, a typical strain was investigated in more detail. It was an anaerobic non-sporeforming, Gram-negative rod, which was motile with peritrichous flagella. This organism fermented xylan and many soluble sugars (glucose, cellobiose, mannose, xylose, arabinose). Other hemicelluloses such as gum xanthan, laminaran, locust bean gum, and gum arabic were not utilized. It also could not use cellulose. Fermentation products were carbon dioxide, hydrogen, acetate and ethanol. The bacterium produced carboxymethylcellulase and xylanase, especially when growing on xylan. Growth was optimal between 25 degrees C and 40 degrees C and between pH 6.5 and 7.5. The guanine plus cytosine content of the DNA was 34.8 +/- 0.8%. The isolate was identified as a member of the genus Bacteroides, and a new species is proposed: Bacteroides xylanolyticus (xylan dissolving). The type strain of B. xylanolyticus is strain X5-1 (DSM 3808).
ISSN:0003-6072
1572-9699
DOI:10.1007/BF00423415