Hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus infection in health care workers: a multiple regression analysis of risk factors

A seroprevalence survey of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), was conducted using serum samples obtained from 5813 health care workers (HCWs) in five public hospitals in the Latium region of Italy, during the 1985 vaccination campaign against HBV...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of hospital infection 1995-08, Vol.30 (4), p.273-281
Main Authors: Petrosillo, N., Puro, V., Ippolito, G., Nardo, V.Di, Albertoni, F., Chiaretti, B., Rava', L., Sommella, L., Ricci, C., Zullo, G., Bonaventura, M.E., Galli, C., Girardi, E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
AIDS/HIV
Biological and medical sciences
Female
HBV
HCV
health care workers
Hepatitis B - epidemiology
Hepatitis B - transmission
Hepatitis C - epidemiology
Hepatitis C - transmission
HIV
HIV Seroprevalence
Hospitals, Public
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infection Control
Infectious diseases
Italy - epidemiology
Logistic Models
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
occupational risk
Personnel, Hospital
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Viral diseases
Viral hepatitis
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Summary:A seroprevalence survey of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), was conducted using serum samples obtained from 5813 health care workers (HCWs) in five public hospitals in the Latium region of Italy, during the 1985 vaccination campaign against HBV. The seroprevalences of HBV, HCV and HIV were 23·3% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 22·3−24·4%], 2% (95% CI = 1·6−2·4%) and 0·07% (95% CI = 0·001−0·13%), respectively. In a logistic regression model, sex, increasing age, all job categories vs. physicians, dental treatment in the previous six months, and needlestick injury during the previous year were significantly associated with HBV. Conversely, no occupational and community risk factors, but only history of blood transfusion were significantly associated with HCV. Nevertheless, the documented risk of HCV as well as of HIV transmission through percutaneous and mucocutaneous exposure to blood and body fluids should lead to continued efforts to minimize risks of infection by enhancing the compliance of HCWs with vaccination against HBV and adherence to infection control measures, and by introducing safer devices and techniques.
ISSN:0195-6701
1532-2939
DOI:10.1016/0195-6701(95)90262-7