Effects of dietary calcium and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on the development of tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers during the starter and grower periods

Two experiments were conducted to determine whether dietary 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3] can prevent tibial dyschondroplasia in broiler chickens throughout the growing period when withdrawn from the grower diet. The birds were reared in floor pens with pine shavings to 6 wk in Experi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Poultry science 1995-09, Vol.74 (9), p.1495-1505
Main Authors: Elliot, M.A. (The University of Georgia, Athens, GA.), Roberson, K.D, Rowland, G.N. III, Edwards, H.M. Jr
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age Factors
Animals
Body Weight - drug effects
Bone Density - drug effects
CALCIO
Calcitriol - administration & dosage
Calcitriol - blood
CALCIUM
Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage
CAMA (ANIMALES)
CENDRE
CENIZA
Chickens
DIETA
ENFERMEDADES OSEAS
ESTEROLES
Food, Fortified
FOSFORO
HUESOS
HUESOS DE LOS MIEMBROS
Incidence
LESION
LESIONES
LITIERE POUR ANIMAUX
Male
MINERALES
MINERAUX
OS DES MEMBRES
Osteochondrodysplasias - epidemiology
Osteochondrodysplasias - prevention & control
Osteochondrodysplasias - veterinary
OSTEOPATHIE
PHOSPHORE
PLASMA SANGUIN
PLASMA SANGUINEO
POLLO DE ENGORDE
POULET DE CHAIR
Poultry Diseases - epidemiology
Poultry Diseases - prevention & control
REGIME ALIMENTAIRE
STEROL
Tibia
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Summary:Two experiments were conducted to determine whether dietary 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3] can prevent tibial dyschondroplasia in broiler chickens throughout the growing period when withdrawn from the grower diet. The birds were reared in floor pens with pine shavings to 6 wk in Experiment 1 and 5 wk of age in Experiment 2. Calcium was fed at 0.65 or 1.00% and 1,25-(OH)2D3 was fed at 0 or 5 microgram/kg to 3 wk of age. Half the birds consuming 1,25-(OH)2D3 were then fed 0 microgram/kg until the end of the experiments. The higher level of calcium decreased the incidences of tibial dyschondroplasia and severe lesions and increased bone ash. Dietary 1,25-(OH)2D3 increased bone ash at both levels of calcium at 3 wk and the end of the experiments when supplemented for the duration of the studies. When 1,25-(OH)2D3 was fed, tibial dyschondroplasia was reduced in Experiment 2 only at 3 wk. Tibial dyschondroplasia was decreased at 5 wk in Experiment 2 when 0.65% calcium was fed with or without 1,25 (OH)2D3 from 3 to 5 wk of age. There were no treatment effects on plasma calcium, dialyzable phosphorus, or 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. Plasma 1,25-(OH)2D3 was decreased at 3 and 5 wk in Experiment 2 when 1.00% calcium was fed. The results of Experiment 2 suggest that 1,25-(OH)2D3 can prevent tibial dyschondroplasia caused by inadequate calcium when fed for only 3 wk. The bone ash observed when 1.00% dietary calcium is fed is equal to that obtained when 5 microgram/kg 1,25-(OH)2D3 is fed with 0.65% calcium for the entire growout period
ISSN:0032-5791
1525-3171
DOI:10.3382/ps.0741495