Multicentric histiocytosis in young chickens. Gross and light microscopic pathology

During 1991-94, tissue specimens from 262 young chicken carcasses condemned at slaughter contained novel multicentric proliferations of histiocytelike cells. These tissues had been submitted to the USDA FSIS Eastern Laboratory because of grossly enlarged spleens, livers, or kidneys. The spleens were...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Avian diseases 1996-01, Vol.40 (1), p.202-209
Main Authors: Hafner, S. (USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Eastern Laboratory, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA.), Goodwin, M.A, Smith, E.J, Bounous, D.I, Puette, M, Kelley, L.C, Langheinrich, K.A, Fadly, A.M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
CELLULE
CELULAS
Chickens
Histiocytosis - complications
Histiocytosis - pathology
Histiocytosis - veterinary
HISTOPATHOLOGIE
HISTOPATOLOGIA
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
LESION
LESIONES
Lesions
Lymphocytes
Nodules
PARTES DEL CUERPO
PARTIE DU CORPS
POLLO
POULET
Poultry Diseases - pathology
Retrospective Studies
Spleen
Splenomegaly - etiology
Splenomegaly - pathology
Splenomegaly - veterinary
Stromal cells
T lymphocytes
TRASTORNOS SANGUINEOS
TROUBLE SANGUIN
Viral diseases
Viruses
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Description
Summary:During 1991-94, tissue specimens from 262 young chicken carcasses condemned at slaughter contained novel multicentric proliferations of histiocytelike cells. These tissues had been submitted to the USDA FSIS Eastern Laboratory because of grossly enlarged spleens, livers, or kidneys. The spleens were two to three times normal diameter and contained miliary white or yellow 1-3-mm foci. Similar miliary foci were present throughout the enlarged livers and kidneys. Microscopic examination of these tissues revealed discrete circular nodules expanding splenic periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths, hepatic periportal nodules, and discrete perivascular and more diffuse interstitial nodules replacing renal tubules. Nodules also were present in the pancreas, bone marrow, proventriculus, and lung, with more diffuse infiltrates in intestinal lamina propria. The cells composing these nodules contained irregularly oval, folded, or pleomorphic nuclei and relatively abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Mitotic figures and pyknotic nuclei were common. These cells were interpreted to be histiocytes (tissue macrophages or dendritic cells) and did not resemble lymphocytes. These proliferating cells also did not resemble the cell population of commonly diagnosed lymphoid neoplasms of young chickens. No intralesional organisms were detected and polymerase chain reaction analysis failed to detect Marek's herpesvirus DNA or leukosis/sarcoma and reticuloendotheliosis proviral DNA
ISSN:0005-2086
1938-4351
DOI:10.2307/1592390