Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists in the Prevention of Radiation Nephropathy

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can be used to prevent the development of radiation nephropathy. Current studies were designed to determine whether blocking the angiotensin II (AII) receptor, rather than preventing the creation of AII, would be effective in the prophylaxis of radiatio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Radiation research 1996-07, Vol.146 (1), p.106-110
Main Authors: Moulder, John E., Fish, Brian L., Cohen, Eric P., Bonsib, Stephen M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Captopril - pharmacology
Cell physiology
Effects of physical and chemical agents
Enzymes
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hypertension
Imidazoles - pharmacology
Kidney - pathology
Kidney - radiation effects
Kidney failure
Male
Molecular and cellular biology
Nephritis
Radiation dosage
Radiation injuries
Radiation-Protective Agents - pharmacology
Rapid Communication
Rats
Receptors
Renal function
Space life sciences
Tetrazoles - pharmacology
Urine
Whole-Body Irradiation
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Summary:Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can be used to prevent the development of radiation nephropathy. Current studies were designed to determine whether blocking the angiotensin II (AII) receptor, rather than preventing the creation of AII, would be effective in the prophylaxis of radiation nephropathy. Rats received 17 Gy total-body irradiation (TBI) in six fractions followed by syngeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Prior to TBI the rats were randomized to groups receiving an ACE inhibitor (captopril), an AII type 1 ( AT1) receptor antagonist (L-158,809) or no treatment. Renal function was assessed over 40 weeks, and a subset of animals were sacrificed for histopathology at 33 weeks. Renal function deteriorated progressively in animals receiving TBI alone, leading to renal failure by 34 weeks. Renal function was significantly better in animals receiving either captopril or L-158,809, and none of these animals had progressed to renal failure by 43 weeks. Analysis of both renal function and histopathology shows that the AII receptor antagonist is more effective than the ACE inhibitor in the prophylaxis of BMT nephropathy. This indicates that a reduction of activation of the AT1 receptor by AII, by itself, is sufficient for the prophylaxis of radiation nephropathy.
ISSN:0033-7587
1938-5404
DOI:10.2307/3579403