Bone marrow progenitors cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor versus macrophage colony-stimulating factor differentiate into macrophages with distinct tumoricidal capacities

• Published in: Journal of leukocyte biology 1988-05, Vol.43 (5), p.471-476
• Main Authors: FALK, L. A, HOGAN, M. M, VOGEL, S. N
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Cell Differentiation - drug effects; Cells, Cultured; Colony-Stimulating Factors - pharmacology; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic - drug effects; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Growth Substances - pharmacology; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - cytology; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - drug effects; Immunobiology; Interferon-gamma - pharmacology; Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology; Macrophages - immunology; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Myeloid cells: ontogeny, maturation, markers, receptors; Neoplasms, Experimental - immunology; Recombinant Proteins - pharmacology
• ISSN: 0741-5400; 1938-3673
• DOI: 10.1002/jlb.43.5.471

Bone marrow-derived cells from C3H/HeJ mice were cultured in the presence of recombinant murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF) or highly purified murine macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) for 7 days. Following this 7-day culture period, mature macrophages were harvested and replated at precise densities in the absence of exogenous rGM-CSF or CSF-1, and assayed in a two-signal tumoricidal assay. Cultures were stimulated with medium only or with combinations of recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) as the "priming" signal, and/or butanol-extracted lipopolysaccharide (But-LPS) as the "triggering" signal for 24 hr. At this time, 51Cr-labeled, P815 tumor target cells were added, and the percent tumor cell cytotoxicity was determined after 16 hr. Macrophages derived under the influence of rGM-CSF exhibited significant tumoricidal capacity with medium alone (16 +/- 5%). The addition of "priming" signal only (i.e., rIFN-gamma, 10.0 U/ml) significantly increased tumoricidal capacity to 31 +/- 9%. Treatment with But-LPS alone did not alter the basal tumoricidal activity of rGM-CSF-derived macrophages. Combinations of rIFN-gamma (10.0 U/ml) and But-LPS (0.5-5.0 micrograms/ml) generated highly tumoricidal macrophages (50-60% tumor cell cytotoxicity). In contrast, medium-treated CSF-1-derived macrophages exhibited a significantly lower basal level of tumor cytotoxicity (6 +/- 3%). Unlike rGM-CSF-derived macrophages, treatment of CSF-1-derived macrophages with high concentrations of rIFN-gamma alone did not increase significantly the level of cytotoxicity above that of medium-treated cultures. However, CSF-1-derived macrophages responded to the highest concentrations of But-LPS (5.0 micrograms/ml) to increase tumoricidal activity from 6 +/- 3% to 17 +/- 5%. Optimal tumoricidal activity (44 +/- 17%) was observed when CSF-1-derived macrophages were treated simultaneously with high concentrations of both rIFN-gamma and But-LPS. Thus, macrophages derived from bone marrow progenitors in either rGM-CSF or CSF-1 exhibited tumoricidal capacities that differed in basal activity as well as in their requirements for and sensitivities to "priming" and "triggering" signals.