Spatial Requirements for Visual Simulation of Aircraft at Real-World Distances

To provide target image sufficiency guidelines for ground-based flight training simulators, a detection experiment examined the relative effects of contrast, resolution, and brightness on the simulated distance at which subjects could determine the orientation of another aircraft. With high resoluti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Human factors 1988-04, Vol.30 (2), p.153-161
Main Authors: Kennedy, Robert S., Berbaum, Kevin S., Collyer, Stanley C., May, James G., Dunlap, William P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aircraft
Analysis of Variance
Biological and medical sciences
Ergonomics. Human factors
Female
Flight simulators
Flight training
Form Perception
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Image detection
Light
Male
Middle Aged
Occupational psychology
Orientation behavior
Pattern Recognition, Visual
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Regression Analysis
Simulation
Space life sciences
Target recognition
Thresholds
Training simulators
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Summary:To provide target image sufficiency guidelines for ground-based flight training simulators, a detection experiment examined the relative effects of contrast, resolution, and brightness on the simulated distance at which subjects could determine the orientation of another aircraft. With high resolution, luminance contrast of 25:1 produced better performance than lower contrasts. The performance at the best contrast condition was 40% better than at the poorest, whereas the best resolution condition produced only 20% better performance than the poorest. In three identical contrast conditions, higher luminance levels results in slightly better performance. In the best experimental condition, average aspect recognition thresholds for the TA-41 aircraft occurred at simulated distances > 4 miles (6.44 km), whereas in the most degraded condition, average thresholds occurred at simulated distances of 1.5 miles (2.415 km).
ISSN:0018-7208
1547-8181
DOI:10.1177/001872088803000203