Isolation and characterization of a variant somatostatin-14 and two related somatostatins of 34 and 37 residues from lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

• Published in: The Journal of biological chemistry 1988-10, Vol.263 (30), p.15809-15814
• Main Authors: Andrews, P C, Pollock, H G, Elliott, W M, Youson, J H, Plisetskaya, E M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence; amino acids; Amino Acids - analysis; Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry; Animals; biochemistry; Biological and medical sciences; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Freshwater; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; hormones; Lampreys; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Pancreas - analysis; Peptide Mapping; Petromyzon marinus; phylogeny; Protein hormones. Growth factors. Cytokines; Proteins; Somatostatin - isolation & purification; somatostatin-14; variability
• ISSN: 0021-9258; 1083-351X
• DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)37660-4

Three major forms of somatostatin were isolated from pancreas of the lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). One of the two major forms is a 14-residue somatostatin (SS-14) having the sequence AGCKNFFWKTFSSC. The homologous substitution Ser for Thr in position 12 is the first example of SS-14 from vertebrate preprosomatostatin gene I having a divergent sequence. The longest form is 37 residues in length (SS-37) and has the sequence ALRAAAVAGSPQQLLPLGQRERKAGCKNFFWKTFSSC. A 34-residue form (SS-34) identical in sequence but truncated at a single Arg residue at position 3 of SS-37 was also isolated. The yields of the three forms were SS-37 (0.43 nmol/g), SS-34 (134 nmol/g), and SS-14 (51.5 nmol/g). The identification of this nested series of somatostatins suggests that prosomatostatin processing in lamprey more closely resembles that observed for procholecystokinin than that of mammalian or other piscine prosomatostatins. Somatostatin-producing cells in the lamprey pancreas were identified by immunostaining using antiserum against SS-34 and anti-serum against mammalian SS-14.