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Growth and development of Toxoplasma gondii in human neurons and astrocytes

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is one of the most common opportunistic infections affecting the central nervous system (CNS) in AIDS patients. Disease results from a reactivation of a latent infection in the brain resulting in a severe and necrotizing encephalitis. In this study we infected a primary...

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Published in:	Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology 1996-11, Vol.55 (11), p.1150-1156
Main Authors:	HALONEN, S. K, LYMAN, W. D, CHIU, F. C
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Animals Astrocytes - parasitology Biological and medical sciences Brain - cytology Brain - embryology Cells, Cultured Encephalitis Fetus - cytology Health aspects HIV infections Humans Immunodeficiencies Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies Immunopathology Medical sciences Microscopy, Phase-Contrast Neurons Neurons - parasitology Neurons - physiology Toxoplasma - growth & development Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasmosis - complications Toxoplasmosis - pathology
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container_title	Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
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creator	HALONEN, S. K LYMAN, W. D CHIU, F. C
description	Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is one of the most common opportunistic infections affecting the central nervous system (CNS) in AIDS patients. Disease results from a reactivation of a latent infection in the brain resulting in a severe and necrotizing encephalitis. In this study we infected a primary culture from human fetal brain with T. gondii and studied the behavior of both the active and latent stages in this culture system. We found that the active (tachyzoite) stage of T. gondii can infect both astrocytes and neurons. However, a higher percentage of astrocytes were infected than neurons. Additionally, astrocytes were found to support more replication of T. gondii than did neurons. Both astrocytes and neurons also supported the cyst stage, found in the latent infections. These data indicate that astrocytes are the host cells supporting most of the replication of T. gondii in the brain in reactivated infections, but both host cell types may be able to support the cyst stage in latent infections. However, evidence indicates that cysts formed in astrocytes may be distinct from neuronal cysts. These findings may have relevance to reactivation of latent T. gondii infections in AIDS patients.
doi_str_mv	10.1097/00005072-199611000-00006
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Additionally, astrocytes were found to support more replication of T. gondii than did neurons. Both astrocytes and neurons also supported the cyst stage, found in the latent infections. These data indicate that astrocytes are the host cells supporting most of the replication of T. gondii in the brain in reactivated infections, but both host cell types may be able to support the cyst stage in latent infections. However, evidence indicates that cysts formed in astrocytes may be distinct from neuronal cysts. These findings may have relevance to reactivation of latent T. gondii infections in AIDS patients.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Astrocytes - parasitology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain - cytology</subject><subject>Brain - embryology</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Encephalitis</subject><subject>Fetus - cytology</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>HIV infections</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunodeficiencies</subject><subject>Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies</subject><subject>Immunopathology</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microscopy, Phase-Contrast</subject><subject>Neurons</subject><subject>Neurons - parasitology</subject><subject>Neurons - physiology</subject><subject>Toxoplasma - growth & development</subject><subject>Toxoplasma gondii</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis - complications</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis - pathology</subject><issn>0022-3069</issn><issn>1554-6578</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1996</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkUtv1DAUhS0EKkPhJyBZCHWX4kf8WlYVtIhKbMo68uO6TZXYg51Q-u_xdIZZsMFeWD73O37cgxCm5JwSoz6RNgRRrKPGSErbrttJ8gXaUCH6TgqlX6INIYx1nEjzGr2p9aERhpj-BJ1oww01eoO-XZX8uNxjmwIO8AumvJ0hLThHfJt_5-1k62zxXU5hHPGY8P0624QTrCWn-uyydSnZPy1Q36JX0U4V3h3WU_Tjy-fby-vu5vvV18uLm873XC6dktwxLqN1IfbQOy_AWOc018E7pa2hAmLvqIOgqecGgnKeSc1IEJF5zk_R2f7cbck_V6jLMI_VwzTZBHmtg9JCMkb-D1JhuJa9aeCHf8CHvJbUPjEwZlRrsCANOt9Dd3aCYUwxL8X6NgPMo88J4tj0C8ElVdKw3fV6b_Al11ogDtsyzrY8DZQMuxiHvzEOxxifJdms7w8PWt0M4Wg85NbqHw91W72dYrHJj_WIsV7x1gT-B0U2pJs</recordid><startdate>19961101</startdate><enddate>19961101</enddate><creator>HALONEN, S. 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C</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-763b236fabdf4e4bc5e9abb838dcb78a915ef4b1bed81c39ed7bc26820d5f2c33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1996</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Astrocytes - parasitology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brain - cytology</topic><topic>Brain - embryology</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Encephalitis</topic><topic>Fetus - cytology</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>HIV infections</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunodeficiencies</topic><topic>Immunodeficiencies. 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subjects	Animals Astrocytes - parasitology Biological and medical sciences Brain - cytology Brain - embryology Cells, Cultured Encephalitis Fetus - cytology Health aspects HIV infections Humans Immunodeficiencies Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies Immunopathology Medical sciences Microscopy, Phase-Contrast Neurons Neurons - parasitology Neurons - physiology Toxoplasma - growth & development Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasmosis - complications Toxoplasmosis - pathology
title	Growth and development of Toxoplasma gondii in human neurons and astrocytes
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