Effects of calcium phosphate bioceramics on skeletal muscle cells

• Published in: Journal of biomedical materials research 1997-02, Vol.34 (2), p.227-233
• Main Authors: Sun, Jui-Sheng, Tsuang, Yang-Hwei, Yao, Chun-Hsu, Liu, Hwa-Chang, Lin, Feng-Huei, Hang, Yi-Shiong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Calcium Phosphates - pharmacology; Cell Division - drug effects; Cells, Cultured; Female; Male; Materials Testing; Medical sciences; Metal Ceramic Alloys - pharmacology; Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Orthopedic surgery; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism
• ISSN: 0021-9304; 1097-4636
• DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199702)34:2<227::AID-JBM12>3.0.CO;2-F

With advances in ceramics technology, calcium phosphate bioceramics have been applied as bone substitutes. The effects of implants on bony tissue have been investigated. The effects upon adjacent skeletal muscles have not been determined. The focus of this work is to elucidate the biological effects of various calcium phosphate bioceramics on skeletal muscles. Four different kinds of powder of calcium phosphate biomaterials including β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP), hydroxyapatite (HA), β‐dicalcium pyrophosphate (β‐DCP) and sintered β‐dicalcium pyrophosphate (SDCP), were tested by myoblast cell cultures. The results were analyzed by cell count, cell morphology and concentration of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) in culture medium. The cell population and TGF‐β1 concentration of the control sample increased persistently as the time of culture increased. The changes in cell population and TGF‐β1 concentration in culture medium of the β‐TCP and HA were quite low in the first 3 days of culture, then increased gradually toward the seventh day. The changes in cell population and TGF‐β1 concentration in culture medium of the silica, β‐DCP, and SDCP were quite similar. They were lower during the first day of culture but increased and reached that of the control medium after 7 days' culture. Most cells on β‐TCP and HA diminished in size with radially spread, long pseudopods. We conclude that HA and β‐TCP are thought to have an inhibitory effect on growth of the myoblasts. The HA and β‐TCP may interfere with the repair and regeneration of injured skeletal muscle after orthopedic surgery. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.