Risk factors associated with the development of peripheral arterial disease in smokers: a case-control study

Purpose and method: A hospital based case-control study was designed to investigate what aspects of smoking and what co-factors of smoking are associated with the development of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Cases were 291 smokers, newly referred with PAD, and controls were 828 age and sex matc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Atherosclerosis 1997-02, Vol.129 (1), p.41-48
Main Authors: Powell, Janet T, Edwards, Richard J, Worrell, Phillip C, Franks, Peter J, Greenhalgh, Roger M, Poulter, Neil R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Apolipoprotein B
Apolipoproteins B - blood
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers - blood
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
Carboxyhemoglobin - metabolism
Cardiology. Vascular system
Case-Control Studies
Chromatography, Gas
Cotinine - blood
Diseases of the peripheral vessels. Diseases of the vena cava. Miscellaneous
Female
Humans
Hypertension - blood
Hypertension - etiology
Low tar cigarettes
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Peripheral atherosclerosis
Peripheral Vascular Diseases - blood
Peripheral Vascular Diseases - etiology
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Smoking
Smoking - adverse effects
Systolic hypertension
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Summary:Purpose and method: A hospital based case-control study was designed to investigate what aspects of smoking and what co-factors of smoking are associated with the development of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Cases were 291 smokers, newly referred with PAD, and controls were 828 age and sex matched smokers without PAD. Results: Reported recent tobacco usage was similar in cases and controls but total tobacco exposure was associated with the risk of PAD—adjusted odds ratios (ORs) increasing with tertile of pack-years smoked to reach 1.63 (95% CI, 1.11–2.39; P=0.011), for the highest tertile (>48 pack-years) compared with smokers in the lowest tertile (
ISSN:0021-9150
1879-1484
DOI:10.1016/S0021-9150(96)06012-1