Yield, composition, and in vitro digestibility of temperate and tropical corn hybrids grown as silage crops planted in summer

• Published in: Journal of dairy science 1997-03, Vol.80 (3), p.550-557
• Main Authors: Johnson, J.C. Jr. (The University of Georgia, Tifton.), Gates, R.N, Newton, G.L, Wilson, J.P, Chandler, L.D, Utley, P.R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agriculture; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biological and medical sciences; CONTENIDO DE MATERIA SECA; CULTIVO MULTIPLE; CULTURE MULTIPLE; DATE DE RECOLTE; DATE DE SEMIS; Dietary Fiber - analysis; DIGESTIBILIDAD; DIGESTIBILITE; Digestion; ENSILADO; ENSILAGE (PRODUIT); ENSILAJE DE LA PLANTA TOTAL; EXPERIMENTACION IN VITRO; EXPERIMENTATION IN VITRO; FECHA DE RECOLECCION; FECHA DE SIEMBRA; FIBRA DE LA DIETA; FIBRE ALIMENTAIRE; FLORIDA; FLORIDE; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genetics and breeding of economic plants; GEORGIA (EUA); GEORGIE (EU); HIBRIDOS; HYBRIDE; Hybridization, Genetic; Plant Diseases; PLANTE ENTIERE ENSILEE; PROTEINA BRUTA; PROTEINE BRUTE; RENDEMENT DES CULTURES; RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS; Seasons; Silage; TENEUR EN MATIERE SECHE; Tropical Climate; Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims; Yield, quality, earliness, varia; ZEA MAYS; Zea mays - growth & development; Zea mays - metabolism
• ISSN: 0022-0302; 1525-3198
• DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)75969-1

Following the harvest of corn silage crops that were planted in spring, second crops of one temperate and four tropical corn hybrids were planted under conditions of minimum tilling in four replications on August 3, 1992 and harvested on October 11, 1992 (yr 1). During the 2nd yr, second crops were planted on July 21, 1993 and harvested on October 19, 1993. Dry matter yields of the hybrids ranked similarly for both years but differed among hybrids, ranging from 7800 to 11,430 kg/ha (yr 1) and from 8470 to 13,150 kg/ha (yr 2). The temperate hybrid yielded 20% (yr 1) and 26% (yr 2) less than the lowest yielding tropical hybrid. The proportion of grain in the dry matter (DM) differed across hybrids, ranging from 14.3 to 32.2% during yr 1 and from 18.0 to 32.4% during yr 2. Composition of the DM, excluding grain, also differed for the hybrids: acid detergent fiber ranged from 38.0 to 42.2% during yr 1 and 40.0 to 48.8% during yr 2; in vitro digestible DM ranged from 60.9 to 65.1% during yr 1 and from 53.0 to 64.6% during yr 2. The temperate hybrid was the highest in acid detergent fiber and the lowest in in vitro digestible DM. Lower digestibility during yr 2 was attributed to disease, which infected 24.9 to 40.4% of the foliage of tropical hybrids and 84.3% of the temperate hybrid. Whole plant DM digestibilities differed narrowly in yr 1 (68.8 to 70.4%) but differed widely in yr 2 (62.2 to 69.9%). There were important differences among yields and compositions of tropical hybrids planted in summer, but all were superior to the temperate hybrid