Effects of dietary fat and fatty acids on coronary artery disease risk and total and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations: epidemiologic studies

Because of their large sample sizes, epidemiologic studies can provide important data on the relation between diet, specifically dietary fat and fatty acids, and lipid and lipoprotein concentrations as well as the incidence of coronary artery disease. Although correlation coefficients vary widely (f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of clinical nutrition 1997-05, Vol.65 (5), p.1597S-1610S
Main Authors: Caggiula, AW, Mustad, VA
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biological and medical sciences
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Cardiology. Vascular system
Case-Control Studies
Child
Cholesterol - blood
Cholesterol, Dietary - pharmacology
Cohort Studies
Coronary Disease - blood
Coronary Disease - epidemiology
Coronary Disease - etiology
Dietary Fats - pharmacology
Diseases of the peripheral vessels. Diseases of the vena cava. Miscellaneous
Fatty Acids - pharmacology
Female
Health risks
Humans
Incidence
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Population
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors
United States - epidemiology
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Summary:Because of their large sample sizes, epidemiologic studies can provide important data on the relation between diet, specifically dietary fat and fatty acids, and lipid and lipoprotein concentrations as well as the incidence of coronary artery disease. Although correlation coefficients vary widely (from 0.84 to 0.01) and are frequently low between dietary variables and coronary artery disease or lipids and lipoprotein fractions in the studies reviewed here, intakes of saturated fatty acids and dietary cholesterol are generally positively correlated with blood cholesterol in men and women. Associations between other fatty acids are less consistent and may be related to the considerable differences in these studies in dietary methodologies used, databases used for analyses, and homogeneity of intakes within populations. Relatively few data are available for women, cultural minorities within the United States, or young or elderly populations. However, the trends observed in the United States, ie, lower rates of coronary artery disease as well as lower reported intakes of both total and saturated fats, support the relations observed in the epidemiologic studies.
ISSN:0002-9165
1938-3207
DOI:10.1093/ajcn/65.5.1597S