Wheat middlings in high-concentrate diets: feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibilities, passage rates, and ruminal metabolism in Finishing steers

• Published in: Journal of animal science 1997-09, Vol.75 (9), p.2561-2566
• Main Authors: Dalke, B.S, Sonon, R.N. Jr, Young, M.A, Huck, G.L, Kreikemeier, K.K, Bolsen, K.K
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal Feed - standards; ANIMAL PERFORMANCE; Animal productions; Animals; BEEF CATTLE; Biological and medical sciences; BLE; Body Composition - physiology; BOEUF; BOVIN DE BOUCHERIE; BUEY; BULLOCKS; CARCASS COMPOSITION; Cattle - growth & development; Cattle - metabolism; Cattle - physiology; COMPOSICION DE LA CANAL; COMPOSITION DE LA CARCASSE; CONTENIDO DE MATERIA SECA; DESEMPENO ANIMAL; DIET; Diet - veterinary; DIETA; DIGESTIBILIDAD; DIGESTIBILITE; DIGESTIBILITY; DIGESTION; Digestion - physiology; DIGESTION DU RUMEN; DIGESTION RUMINAL; DRY LOT FEEDING; DRY MATTER CONTENT; EFFICACITE ALIMENTAIRE; EFICIENCIA DE CONVERSION DEL PIENSO; ENGORDE; ENGRAISSEMENT; EXPERIMENTACION; EXPERIMENTATION; FATTENING; FEED CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fermentation - physiology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; GAIN DE POIDS; GANADO DE CARNE; GANANCIA DE PESO; Gastrointestinal Motility - physiology; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; INTAKE; LIVEWEIGHT GAIN; Male; Medicago sativa - standards; MILLING BYPRODUCTS; Nutritive Value; PERFORMANCE ANIMALE; Random Allocation; REGIME ALIMENTAIRE; Rumen - metabolism; Rumen - physiology; RUMEN DIGESTION; RUMEN FERMENTATION; SOUS PRODUIT DE MEUNERIE; SUBPRODUCTOS DE LA MOLINERIA; TENEUR EN MATIERE SECHE; Terrestrial animal productions; TRANSIT TIME; TRIGO; Triticum - standards; Vertebrates; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; WEIGHT GAIN; Weight Gain - physiology; WHEAT MILLING RESIDUES; WHEATS; Zea mays - standards
• ISSN: 0021-8812; 1525-3163; 0021-8812
• DOI: 10.2527/1997.7592561x

We conducted two experiments to determine the feeding value and effects on diet digestibilities, passage rates, and ruminal metabolism of wheat middlings (WM) fed as a replacement for either the concentrate or roughage components of finishing diets of steers. In Exp. 1, 120 medium-framed steers were blocked by weight and randomly allocated to one of six treatments of high-concentrate diets: control (0%); 5, 10, or 15% pelleted WM replacing dry-rolled corn (DRC); and 5 or 10% pelleted WM replacing chopped alfalfa hay (ALF) components of the diet. Increasing WM replacement of DRC increased DMI (P .01) and feed:grain ratio (FG; P .05) linearly. A 9.2% increase in daily DMI and 10.1% increase in FG were observed at 15% of WM. Daily gain and final weight of the steers were not influenced by WM replacement of DRC. The WM replacement of ALF decreased (P .01) daily DMI linearly, but it had no effect on ADG, final weight, or FG. In Exp. 2, six medium-framed steers, fitted with ruminal cannulas, were used in a 6 X 6 Latin square design with the same treatments as described in Exp. 1. Dry matter, OM, and starch digestibilities decreased (P .01) by increasing replacement of DRC with WM, and replacing ALF increased DM and OM digestibilities linearly (P .01). Wheat middlings could replace only up to 5% of DRC without reducing feed conversion efficiency and diet digestibilities, but complete (100%) or partial (50%) replacement of ALF increased digestibilities of DRC finishing diets