Factors Associated with Increased Levels of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 DNA in Semen

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected cells have been isolated from semen and may be a major source of transmissible virus. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to determine HIV proviral DNA load in cellular fractions of semen from 74 antiviral therapy-naive HIV...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 1997-10, Vol.176 (4), p.941-947
Main Authors: Politch, Joseph A., Tucker, Lynne, Mayer, Kenneth H., Seage, George R., Anderson, Deborah J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AIDS/HIV
Biological and medical sciences
Blood
Blood cell count
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Cells, Cultured
DNA
DNA, Viral - analysis
DNA, Viral - blood
Epidemiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genital Diseases, Male - immunology
Germ cells
HIV
HIV 1
HIV Infections - blood
HIV Infections - transmission
HIV Infections - virology
HIV-1 - genetics
HIV-1 - growth & development
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Inflammation
Leukocytes
Leukocytes - virology
Male
Microbiology
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Proviruses - genetics
Semen
Semen - cytology
Semen - virology
T lymphocytes
Viral Load
Virology
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Summary:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected cells have been isolated from semen and may be a major source of transmissible virus. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to determine HIV proviral DNA load in cellular fractions of semen from 74 antiviral therapy-naive HIV-1-seropositive men and 53 paired blood samples. HIV-1 DNA was detected in 65% of semen (range: 106 white blood cells/mL of semen). These data provide evidence that genital tract inflammation and reduced peripheral CD4 cell count may be associated with enhanced sexual transmission of HIV-1 because of increased numbers of HIV-1-infected cells in semen.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/516539