A new pathway for synthesis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate

Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns-4,5-P2), a key molecule in the phosphoinositide signalling pathway, was thought to be synthesized exclusively by phosphorylation of PtdIns-4-P at the D-5 position of the inositol ring. The enzymes that produce PtdIns-4,5-P2 in vitro fall into two related...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature (London) 1997-11, Vol.390 (6656), p.192-196
Main Authors: Rameh, Lucia E, Tolias, Kimberley F, Duckworth, Brian C, Cantley, Lewis C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3T3 Cells
Animals
Cellular biology
Enzymes
Humanities and Social Sciences
letter
Mice
multidisciplinary
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate - biosynthesis
Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates - metabolism
Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases
Phosphatidylinositols - metabolism
Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases - chemistry
Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases - metabolism
Phosphorylation
Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) - classification
Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) - metabolism
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Substrate Specificity
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Summary:Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns-4,5-P2), a key molecule in the phosphoinositide signalling pathway, was thought to be synthesized exclusively by phosphorylation of PtdIns-4-P at the D-5 position of the inositol ring. The enzymes that produce PtdIns-4,5-P2 in vitro fall into two related subfamilies (type I and type II PtdInsP-5-OH kinases, or PIP(5)Ks) based on their enzymatic properties and sequence similarities. Here we have reinvestigated the substrate specificities of these enzymes. As expected, the type I enzyme phosphorylates PtdIns-4-P at the D-5 position of the inositol ring. Surprisingly, the type II enzyme, which is abundant in some tissues, phosphorylates PtdIns-5-P at the D-4 position, and thus should be considered as a 4-OH kinase, or PIP(4)K. The earlier error in characterizing the activity of the type II enzyme is due to the presence of contaminating PtdIns-5-P in commercial preparations of PtdIns-4-P. Although PtdIns-5-P was previously thought not to exist in vivo, we find evidence for the presence of this lipid in mammalian fibroblasts, establishing a new pathway for PtdIns-4,5-P2 synthesis.
ISSN:0028-0836
1476-4687
DOI:10.1038/36621