Efficacy of a dehydrated steinernematid nematode against black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

We compared the ability of in vitro-produced, commercially formulated with in vivo-produced, nonformulated Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) Poinar. All strain to infect and kill larvae of black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel), and diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). In vitro-produced nem...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of economic entomology 1997-10, Vol.90 (5), p.1200-1206
Main Authors: Baur, M.E, Kaya, H.K, Tabashnik, B.E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AGROTIS IPSILON
Animals
APLICACION FOLIAR
APPLICATION FOLIAIRE
AUXILIAIRE DE LUTTE BIOLOGIQUE
Biological and medical sciences
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL ORGANISMS
Control
CONTROL BIOLOGICO
DEHYDRATED NEMATODES
DEHYDRATION
Desiccation
DRYING
ENTOMOPHILIC NEMATODES
FOLIAR APPLICATION
FORMULACIONES
FORMULATION
FORMULATIONS
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
GRANULE
GRANULES
GRANULOS
HUMEDAD RELATIVA
HUMIDITE RELATIVE
INFECTIVITY
INSECT NEMATODES
Larva
Lepidoptera
LUTTE BIOLOGIQUE
MORTALIDAD
MORTALITE
MORTALITY
Moths
NEMATODE ENTOMOPATHOGENE
NEMATODOS DE INSECTOS
ORGANISMOS PARA CONTROL BIOLOGICO
PATHOGENICITY
PATOGENICIDAD
Pest Control, Biological
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA
POUVOIR PATHOGENE
Protozoa. Invertebrates
REHIDRATACION
REHYDRATATION
REHYDRATION
RELATIVE HUMIDITY
Rhabditoidea
SECADO
SECHAGE
SOIL TREATMENT
STEINERNEMA CARPOCAPSAE
TRAITEMENT DU SOL
TRATAMIENTO DEL SUELO
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Summary:We compared the ability of in vitro-produced, commercially formulated with in vivo-produced, nonformulated Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) Poinar. All strain to infect and kill larvae of black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel), and diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). In vitro-produced nematodes formulated in wettable dispersible granules, which were stored dry, were rehydrated in water for 0-72 h before application. Against black cutworms, the efficacy of nematodes was (from most to least effective): in vivo in vitro rehydrated for 72 h in vitro rehydrated for 48 h in vitro rehydrated for 24 h dehydrated (0 h). Nematodes rehydrated for 72 h in water or moist soil were equally effective against black cutworm larvae, and both were significantly more effective than nematodes without rehydration. These results indicated that nematodes in the wettable dispersible granule formulation required time to rehydrate in the soil before infecting black cutworm larvae. Nematode treatments described above were applied to radish plants held at 100 or 75% RH and tested against diamondback moth larvae. At 100% RH, nematode efficacy was (from most to least effective): in vitro rehydrated for 72 h in vivo in vitro rehydrated 48 h in vitro rehydrated 24 h dehydrated (0 h). The efficacy of all treatments was lower at 75% than at 100% RH, and the ranking of in vivo and in vitro nematodes rehydrated for 72 h was reversed. The nematodes in the wettable dispersible granule formulation were effective for foliar treatments when humidity was high and nematodes were rehydrated for at least 48 h before application. The data show that nematode infectivity was reduced unless nematodes were rehydrated
ISSN:0022-0493
1938-291X
DOI:10.1093/jee/90.5.1200