The Effects of Age, Route of Exposure, and Coinfection with Infectious Bursal Disease Virus on the Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Chicken Anemia Agent (CAA)

Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were inoculated with several different concentrations of chicken anemia agent (CAA) by the intra-abdominal, intratracheal, or oral routes. Based on lowered hematocrit values, the birds were most susceptible to CAA introduced by the intra-abdominal route. When SP...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Avian diseases 1989-10, Vol.33 (4), p.753-759
Main Authors: Rosenberger, John K., Cloud, Sandra S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age Factors
Animals
Chicken anemia virus
Chickens
Disease transmission
Flocks
Hematocrit
Hematocrit - veterinary
Infections
Infectious bursal disease virus
Infectious bursal disease virus - pathogenicity
Inoculation
Inoculum
Parvoviridae - pathogenicity
Parvoviridae Infections - etiology
Parvoviridae Infections - transmission
Parvoviridae Infections - veterinary
Poultry Diseases - etiology
Poultry Diseases - immunology
Poultry Diseases - transmission
Reoviridae - pathogenicity
Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
Time Factors
Viruses
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Summary:Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were inoculated with several different concentrations of chicken anemia agent (CAA) by the intra-abdominal, intratracheal, or oral routes. Based on lowered hematocrit values, the birds were most susceptible to CAA introduced by the intra-abdominal route. When SPF chickens were infected with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) at 1 day of age, they remained susceptible to CAA up to at least 21 days, whereas birds inoculated with CAA alone were susceptible only at 1 day of age. Infectious bursal disease virus introduced at 1 day of age also increased the susceptibility of birds to contact infection with CAA and resulted in increased mortality rates in CAA inoculates. The response of SPF birds to CAA infection varied following exposure at 1 day of age to two different strains of IBDV (STC and Variant-E). Chicken anemia agent contacts and inoculates infected with the Variant-E strain were affected 1 week earlier by CAA than by STC inoculates, as evidenced by depressed hematocrits. However, the total number of birds affected was similar for both the Variant-E and STC-inoculated chickens. Commercial broiler chickens inoculated at 1, 7, 10, and 14 days of age by non-parenteral routes with CAA or a combination of CAA and IBDV had mean hematocrits that were lower than controls. Several CAA-inoculated birds were considered anemic, with hematocrit values of 25 or less, while uninoculated birds remained within normal ranges. /// Se inocularon pollos libres de patógenos con varias concentraciones del agente de la anemia de los pollos, administrándolo por las rutas intraabdominal, intratraqueal u oral. Basados en los bajos valores del hematocrito, las aves inoculadas por la vía intraabdominal fueron las más susceptibles al agente de la anemia del pollo. Cuando los pollos libres de patógenos fueron infectados con el virus de la enfermedad infecciosa de la bolsa al día de edad, permanecieron susceptibles a la infección con el agente de la anemia hasta los 21 días, mientras que los pollos inoculados con el agente de la anemia fueron susceptibles sólamente a un día de edad. La infección por el virus de la enfermedad infecciosa de la bolsa al día de edad también aumentó la susceptibilidad de los pollos al contacto con la infección con el virus de la anemia, resultando en un aumento de los porcentajes de mortalidad en los pollos inoculados con el agente de la anemia. La respuesta de los pollos libres de patógenos a la infección por el
ISSN:0005-2086
1938-4351
DOI:10.2307/1591156