Anemia in newborn

Various blood indices vary in a newborn as compared to older child or adult. It depends on the gestational age, day of life, maternal factors, mode of delivery and site of blood collection. Hemoglobin, HCT & MCV tend to be higher in newborns. They further increase in first 2 days of life. Reticu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Indian journal of pediatrics 1998-09, Vol.65 (5), p.651-661
Main Authors: Lokeshwar, M R, Dalal, R, Manglani, M, Shah, N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Anemia, Neonatal - diagnosis
Anemia, Neonatal - etiology
Child
Diagnosis, Differential
Female
Hemolysis
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Male
Pregnancy
Reference Values
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Summary:Various blood indices vary in a newborn as compared to older child or adult. It depends on the gestational age, day of life, maternal factors, mode of delivery and site of blood collection. Hemoglobin, HCT & MCV tend to be higher in newborns. They further increase in first 2 days of life. Reticulocytosis and presence of nucleated red cells are normally seen in first week of life. Neonatal anemia is a common problem in NICU. It is usually caused by either hemorrhage or hemolysis and rarely due to decreased production. Hemorrhage can be ante or intra or post natal and it could be external or internal. It could be acute or chronic. Management of acute severe hemorrhage includes packed cell transfusion. Hemolysis is usually due to isoimmune hemolysis, G6PD deficiency or rarely due to the hemoglobinopathy like alpha-thalassemia or due to spherocytosis. Usually patients will have indirect hyperbilirubinemia which needs phototherapy or exchange transfusion. Rarely congenital pure red cell aplasia can present at birth with physical anomalies and anemia. Treatment of neonatal anemia depends on the arteriology.
ISSN:0019-5456
0973-7693
DOI:10.1007/BF02731037